哈佛大學博士演講

❶ 美國勵志人物大學演講稿中英文對照版，有哪些

Madam President Faust, members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, faculty, family, friends, and, most importantly, today's graates,x0dx0a尊敬的Faust校長，哈佛集團的各位成員，監管理事會的各位理事，各位老師，各位家長，各位朋友，以及最重要的各位畢業生同學，x0dx0a x0dx0aThank you for letting me share this wonderful day with you.x0dx0a感謝你們，讓我有機會同你們一起分享這個美妙的日子。x0dx0a x0dx0aI am not sure I can live up to the high standards of Harvard Commencement speakers. Last year, J.K. Rowling, the billionaire novelist, who started as a classics student, graced this podium. The year before, Bill Gates, the mega-billionaire philanthropist and computer nerd stood here. Today, sadly, you have me. I am not a billionaire, but at least I am a nerd.x0dx0a我不太肯定，自己夠得上哈佛大學畢業典禮演講人這樣的殊榮。去年登上這個講台的是，英國億萬身家的小說家J.K. Rowling女士，她最早是一個古典文學的學生。前年站在這里的是比爾•蓋茨先生，他是一個超級富翁、一個慈善家和電腦高手。今年很遺憾，你們的演講人是我，雖然我不是很有錢，但是至少我也算一個高手。x0dx0a x0dx0aI am grateful to receive an honorary degree from Harvard, an honor that means more to me than you might care to imagine. You see, I was the academic black sheep of my family. My older brother has an M.D./Ph.D. from MIT and Harvard while my younger brother has a law degree from Harvard. When I was awarded a Nobel Prize, I thought my mother would be pleased. Not so. When I called her on the morning of the announcement, she replied, "That's nice, but when are you going to visit me next." Now, as the last brother with a degree from Harvard, maybe, at last, she will be satisfied.x0dx0a我很感激哈佛大學給我榮譽學位，這對我很重要，也許比你們會想到的還要重要。要知道，在學術上，我是我們家的不肖之子。我的哥哥在麻省理工學院得到醫學博士，在哈佛大學得到哲學博士；我的弟弟在哈佛大學得到一個法律學位。我本人得到諾貝爾獎的時候，我想我的媽媽會高興。但是，我錯了。消息公布的那天早上，我給她打電話，她聽了只說："這是好消息，不過我想知道，你下次什麼時候來看我？"如今在我們兄弟當中，我最終也拿到了哈佛學位，我想這一次，她會感到滿意。x0dx0a x0dx0aAnother difficulty with giving a Harvard commencement address is that some of you may disapprove of the fact that I have borrowed material from previous speeches. I ask that you forgive me for two reasons.x0dx0a在哈佛大學畢業典禮上發表演講，還有一個難處，那就是你們中有些人可能有意見，不喜歡我重復前人演講中說過的話。我要求你們諒解我，因為兩個理由。x0dx0a x0dx0aFirst, in order to have impact, it is important to deliver the same message more than once. In science, it is important to be the first person to make a discovery, but it is even more important to be the last person to make that discovery.x0dx0a首先，為了產生影響力，很重要的方法就是重復傳遞同樣的信息。在科學中，第一個發現者是重要的，但是在得到公認前，最後一個將這個發現重復做出來的人也許更重要。x0dx0a x0dx0aSecond, authors who borrow from others are following in the footsteps of the best. Ralph Waldo Emerson, who graated from Harvard at the age of 18, noted "All my best thoughts were stolen by the ancients." Picasso declared "Good artists borrow. Great artists steal." Why should commencement speakers be held to a higher standard?x0dx0a其次，一個借鑒他人的作者，正走在一條前人開辟的最佳道路上。哈佛大學畢業生、詩人愛默生曾經寫下："古人把我最好的一些思想都偷走了。"畫家畢加索宣稱"優秀的藝術家借鑒，偉大的藝術家偷竊。"那麼為什麼畢業典禮的演說者，就不適用同樣的標准呢？x0dx0a x0dx0aI also want to point out the irony of speaking to graates of an institution that would have rejected me, had I the chutzpah to apply. I am married to "Dean Jean," the former dean of admissions at Stanford. She assures me that she would have rejected me, if given the chance. When I showed her a draft of this speech, she objected strongly to my use of the word "rejected." She never rejected applicants; her letters stated that "we are unable to offer you admission." I have difficulty understanding the difference. After all, deans of admissions of highly selective schools are in reality, "deans of rejection." Clearly, I have a lot to learn about marketing.x0dx0a我還要指出一點，向哈佛畢業生發表演說，對我來說是有諷刺意味的，因為如果當年我斗膽向哈佛大學遞交入學申請，一定會被拒絕。我的妻子Jean當過斯坦福大學的招生主任，她向我保證，如果當年我申請斯坦福大學，她會拒絕我。我把這篇演講的草稿給她過目，她強烈反對我使用"拒絕"這個詞，她從來不拒絕任何申請者。在拒絕信中，她總是寫："我們無法提供你入學機會。"我分不清兩者到底有何差別。在我看來，那些大熱門學校的招生主任與其稱為"准許你入學的主任"，還不如稱為"拒絕你入學的主任"。很顯然，我需要好好學學怎麼來推銷自己。x0dx0a x0dx0aMy address will follow the classical sonata form of commencement addresses. The first movement, just presented, were light-hearted remarks. This next movement consists of unsolicited advice, which is rarely valued, seldom remembered, never followed. As Oscar Wilde said, "The only thing to do with good advice is to pass it on. It is never of any use to oneself." So, here comes the advice. First, every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful to those who made it possible. Thank your parents and friends who supported you, thank your professors who were inspirational, and especially thank the other professors whose less-than-brilliant lectures forced you to teach yourself. Going forward, the ability to teach yourself is the hallmark of a great liberal arts ecation and will be the key to your success. To your fellow students who have added immeasurably to your ecation ring those late night discussions, hug them. Also, of course, thank Harvard. Should you forget, there's an alumni association to remind you. Second, in your future life, cultivate a generous spirit. In all negotiations, don't bargain for the last, little advantage. Leave the change on the table. In your collaborations, always remember that "credit" is not a conserved quantity. In a successful collaboration, everybody gets 90 percent of the credit.x0dx0a畢業典禮演講都遵循古典奏鳴曲的結構，我的演講也不例外。剛才是第一樂章----輕快的閑談。接下來的第二樂章是送上門的忠告。這樣的忠告很少被重視，幾乎註定被忘記，永遠不會被實踐。但是，就像王爾德說的："對於忠告，你所能做的，就是把它送給別人，因為它對你沒有任何用處。"所以，下面就是我的忠告。第一，取得成就的時候，不要忘記前人。要感謝你的父母和支持你的朋友，要感謝那些啟發過你的教授，尤其要感謝那些上不好課的教授，因為他們迫使你自學。從長遠看，自學能力是優秀的文理教育中必不可少的，將成為你成功的關鍵。你還要去擁抱你的同學，感謝他們同你進行過的許多次徹夜長談，這為你的教育帶來了無法衡量的價值。當然，你還要感謝哈佛大學。不過即使你忘了這一點，校友會也會來提醒你。第二，在你們未來的人生中，做一個慷慨大方的人。在任何談判中，都把最後一點點利益留給對方。不要把桌上的錢都拿走。在合作中，要牢記榮譽不是一個守恆的量。成功合作的任何一方，都應獲得全部榮譽的90%。x0dx0a x0dx0aJimmy Stewart, as Elwood P. Dowd in the movie "Harvey" got it exactly right. He said: "Years ago my mother used to say to me, 'In this world, Elwood, you must be ... she always used to call me Elwood ... in this world, Elwood, you must be oh so smart or oh so pleasant.'" Well, for years I was smart. ... I recommend pleasant. You may quote me on that.x0dx0a電影《Harvey》中，Jimmy Stewart扮演的角色Elwood P. Dowd，就完全理解這一點。他說："多年前，母親曾經對我說，'Elwood，活在這個世界上，你要麼做一個聰明人，要麼做一個好人。'"我做聰明人，已經做了好多年了。......但是，我推薦你們做好人。你們可以引用我這句話。x0dx0a x0dx0aMy third piece of advice is as follows: As you begin this new stage of your lives, follow your passion. If you don't have a passion, don't be satisfied until you find one. Life is too short to go through it without caring deeply about something. When I was your age, I was incredibly single-minded in my goal to be a physicist. After college, I spent eight years as a graate student and postdoc at Berkeley, and then nine years at Bell Labs. During that my time, my central focus and professional joy was physics.x0dx0a我的第三個忠告是，當你開始生活的新階段時，請跟隨你的愛好。如果你沒有愛好，就去找，找不到就不罷休。生命太短暫，如果想有所成，你必須對某樣東西傾注你的深情。我在你們這個年齡，是超級的一根筋，我的目標就是非成為物理學家不可。本科畢業後，我在加州大學伯克利分校又待了8年，讀完了研究生，做完了博士後，然後去貝爾實驗室待了9年。在這些年中，我關注的中心和職業上的全部樂趣，都來自物理學。x0dx0a x0dx0aHere is my final piece of advice. Pursuing a personal passion is important, but it should not be your only goal. When you are old and gray, and look back on your life, you will want to be proud of what you have done. The source of that pride won't be the things you have acquired or the recognition you have received. It will be the lives you have touched and the difference you have made.x0dx0a我還有最後一個忠告，就是說興趣愛好固然重要，但是你不應該只考慮興趣愛好。當你白發蒼蒼、垂垂老矣、回首人生時，你需要為自己做過的事感到自豪。你的物質生活和得到的承認，都不會產生自豪。只有那些你出手相助、被你改變過的人和事，才會讓你產生自豪。x0dx0a x0dx0aAfter nine years at Bell labs, I decided to leave that warm, cozy ivory tower for what I considered to be the "real world," a university. Bell Labs, to quote what was said about Mary Poppins, was "practically perfect in every way," but I wanted to leave behind something more than scientific articles. I wanted to teach and give birth to my own set of scientific children.x0dx0a在貝爾實驗室待了9年後，我決定離開這個溫暖舒適的象牙塔，走進我眼中的"真實世界"----大學。我對貝爾實驗室的看法，就像別人形容電影Mary Poppins的話，"實際上完美無缺"。但是，我想為世界留下更多的東西，不只是科學論文。我要去教書，培育我自己在科學上的後代。x0dx0a x0dx0aTed Geballe, a friend and distinguished colleague of mine at Stanford, who also went from Berkeley to Bell Labs to Stanford years earlier, described our motives best:x0dx0a我在斯坦福大學有一個好友兼傑出同事Ted Geballe。他也是從伯克利分校去了貝爾實驗室，幾年前又離開貝爾實驗室去了斯坦福大學。他對我們的動機做出了最佳描述：x0dx0a x0dx0a"The best part of working at a university is the students. They come in fresh, enthusiastic, open to ideas, unscarred by the battles of life. They don't realize it, but they're the recipients of the best our society can offer. If a mind is ever free to be creative, that's the time. They come in believing textbooks are authoritative, but eventually they figure out that textbooks and professors don't know everything, and then they start to think on their own. Then, I begin learning from them."x0dx0a"在大學工作，最大的優點就是學生。他們生機勃勃，充滿熱情，思想自由，還沒被生活的重壓改變。雖然他們自己沒有意識到，但是他們是這個社會中你能找到的最佳受眾。如果生命中曾經有過思想自由和充滿創造力的時期，那麼那個時期就是你在讀大學。進校時，學生們對課本上的一字一句毫不懷疑，漸漸地，他們發現課本和教授並不是無所不知的，於是他們開始獨立思考。從那時起，就是我開始向他們學習了。"x0dx0a x0dx0aMy students, post doctoral fellows, and the young researchers who worked with me at Bell Labs, Stanford, and Berkeley have been extraordinary. Over 30 former group members are now professors, many at the best research institutions in the world, including Harvard. I have learned much from them. Even now, in rare moments on weekends, the remaining members of my biophysics group meet with me in the ether world of cyberspace.x0dx0a我教過的學生、帶過的博士後、合作過的年輕同事，都非常優秀。他們中有30多人，現在已經是教授了。他們所在的研究機構有不少是全世界第一流的，其中就包括哈佛大學。我從他們身上學到了很多東西。即使現在，我偶爾還會周末上網，向現在還從事生物物理學研究的學生請教。x0dx0a x0dx0aI began teaching with the idea of giving back; I received more than I gave. This brings me to the final movement of this speech. It begins with a story about an extraordinary scientific discovery and a new dilemma that it poses. It's a call to arms and about making a difference.x0dx0a我懷著回報社會的想法，開始了教學生涯。我的一生中，得到的多於我付出的，所以我要回報社會。這就引出了這次演講的最後一個樂章。首先我要講一個了不起的科學發現，以及由此帶來的新挑戰。它是一個戰斗的號令，到了做出改變的時候了。x0dx0a x0dx0ax0dx0a x0dx0ax0dx0a

❷ 為什麼他成為首個哈弗畢業典禮上演講的中國人

美國東部時間5月26日上午10點，何江作為哈佛研究生優秀畢業生代表發言。這相當於哈佛大學給予畢業生的最高榮譽。他是第一位享此殊榮的中國大陸學生。當天，與他同台演講的特邀嘉賓將是著名導演史蒂芬·斯皮爾伯格（代表作品《侏羅紀公園》，《辛德勒的名單》，《拯救大兵瑞恩》等）。

這位在中國湖南農村長大、上大學才第一次進城的中國學生，家裡經濟條件一般，母親甚至不識字。是怎麼憑借自己的努力一步一步走到世界名校的畢業典禮上的？

"農村英語」變為純正美語沒有捷徑

哈佛大學的畢業典禮演從全校數萬名畢業生中各選出一名本科生和研究生，代表畢業生發言。申請演講總共有3輪測試。第一輪，遞交個人學習、科研材料和演講初稿；第二輪，從10名入選者中挑選4人，每個人都要拿著自己的演講稿念稿；第三輪，從4人中選出1人，所有人都被要求脫稿模擬演講。

對一個英語是母語的學生來說，這都有極大的難度。更何況何江從小在湖南農村長大，初中才開始接觸英語，操著一口「農村英語」上了縣城的高中。那是他第一次從農村走進城裡。在寧鄉縣城，他第一次感受到自己的英語水平與城裡孩子的巨大差距。「第一學期很受打擊，考試沒問題，就是開口說英語很困難」。

不怕「使苦勁」的何江，買了一本英文版的《亂世佳人》回宿舍「啃」，遇到讀到不懂的地方，就在書本旁邊進行大段大段的標注。

"學英語，跟任何一門學科的學習一樣，沒有捷徑。」何江自認為自己有些「一根筋」。這一點，或許遺傳自父親——從來不懂得走捷徑，家裡的田地里，除了水稻，再也沒有種過其他品種的農作物。

到了哈佛大學，何江又像剛上高中那會兒，焦慮不已。中國學生大多喜歡跟中國學生聚集在一起，這樣的話，很難找到機會練習英語。

何江硬著頭皮，申請給哈佛的本科生當輔導員，「也不知道自己哪裡來的勇氣，反正就是想多講講英語」。從入學第二年開始，何江給哈佛的本科生做輔導員，這種方法讓他的英語表達方式很快從「中式」轉到了「美式」。到了讀博士期間，何江就可以給哈佛本科學生上課了。

何江在演講中介紹了中醫在中國農村發揮的作用，以一個理科生的角度反思科技知識和技術在社會上不均衡的分布，以及如何將自己研究的科技技術，更廣泛地傳遞到世界不同地方。

正如他所言，「教育能夠改變一個人的生活軌跡，能把人從一個世界帶到另一個不同的世界。我希望我的成長經歷，能給那些還在路上的農村學生一點鼓勵，讓他們看到堅持的希望。」

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