新編大學英語unit8答案

① 新標准大學英語綜合教程2Unit8答案

第一題：

(1)新編大學英語unit8答案擴展閱讀

這部分內容主要考察的是時態版語態的知識點：權

表示不同時間發生的動作或存在的狀態，需要用不同的動詞形式表示。在英語語法中，「時「指動作發生的時間，」態「指動作的樣子和狀態。

一種動詞的形式，用來說明主語和謂語的關系。語態是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系。英語的語態共有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。

表示"現在"經常或反復發生的動作或存在的狀態。常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week等時間狀語連用。

動作動詞的進行時與always,forever等連用，表示重復的動作，這種動作可能使人感到厭倦或不合情理，有時表示贊賞滿意。

② 求新世紀大學英語視聽說教程 4 第三版 unit 8 答案

第一題：

(2)新編大學英語unit8答案擴展閱讀

這部分內容主要考察的是賓語從句的知識內點：

在主從復合句中充當容賓語，位於及物動詞、介詞或復合謂語之後的從句稱為賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類：動詞的賓語從句，介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。

置於動詞、介詞等詞性後面起賓語作用的從句是賓語從句。賓語從句的語序必須是陳述語序。謂語動詞、介詞、動詞不定式、動詞現在分詞、過去式、過去分詞後面都能帶賓語從句。有些形容詞（afraid,sure,glad等）之後也可以帶賓語從句。

動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句時態：主句用一般現在時，從句可用任意時。 主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態。當為客觀事實和科學真理時，從句為一般現在時。

賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that,if,whether.that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句，而if和whether引導表示「是否」的賓語從句。

③ 外研社新編大學英語第四版課後答案

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14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strange Unit3 1. Understanding the Organization of the Text 1) Introction (para 1) It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emotions, and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture. 2) There is a cultural bias in ecation that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4) Supporting evidence A. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2) i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning process. ii) The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positive attitudes and go on to higher achievement. iii) Two examples: a. In many of the former all-women』 colleges, the boys were taking over the class-room discussions and active participation by women students had diminished noticeably. b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years. B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles. (para. 3) i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class. ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away. C. Gender-biased ecation is also reflected in the typical American teacher』 assumption. (para 4) i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects of math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and reading skills. ii) Three examples: a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on. b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who develop reading problems.
c. In Japan, where early ecation appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys do equally well in reading. 3) The ecational bias begins at home. (para 5) A. Supporting evidence: i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much wider area than girl preschoolers. ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules. B. The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its content, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in being intellectually independent, analytical, or original. C. Conclusion: Through the ecational process that occupies most of the child』s waking hours, society reinforces its established values and turns out each sex in its traditional and expected mold. Vocabulary 1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias 6) deprived 7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraate 3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) B unit4 Reading Comprehension 1. 1) Introction(para 1) It is introced in the article how teachers and parents can encourage creativity in children. 2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3) A. The strategy: To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new ideas. B. The significance for adopting the strategy: If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able to function in tomorrow』s society. 3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5) A. Who successful students and alts are: Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems.
B. What creative people can do: They can use what they have to proce original ideas that are good for something. 4) A big problem in school (para. 6) The problem: Children can obtain and give back information, but can』t figure out ways to apply what they know in new situations. 5) A new approach to teaching (para 7) A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where students must use their imaginations. B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ideas and new thoughts. C. How to facilitate the process: To create an atmosphere in which there is no risk in being creative-- a place where wild ideas are honored and valued, never scorned or dismissed. 6) Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10) A. To involve children in decision making. B. To help children to understand the consequences of various decisions. C. To encourage them to talk out loud about things they are doing. The reason for doing so: Talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills. D. To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can see creativity in its purest form. E. To give children choices from their earliest age. Examples: a. When they are very young, let them choose between two food items for lunch. b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spend their money. Vocabulary 3. 1) dismiss 2) consequences 3) promoting 4) applies 5) vital 6) scorned
7) conventional 8) original 4. 1) consciously 2) innovative 3) unconsciously 4) determined 5) Imagination 6) aware 7) control 8) created 9) extension 10) technique 11) vulnerable 12) unfolding 13) joyful 14) gain 15) Apply Unit5 新編大學英語第二版第四冊第五課練習答案 Understanding the organization of the text 1) Introction (para. 1) Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good or bad ones. 2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5) The author』s arguments: A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model while accepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete. (para. 2) B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn』t mean I am perfect. (para. 3) C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4) a. He influences people』s lives in a positive way. b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him. c. He displays the values like honesty and determination. D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parents try to teach their children. (para. 5) 3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don』t want to be role modes. (para. 6-7) A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal. Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside Jesus Christ. (para. 6) B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at time
s. Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling. 2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I can』t go anywhere without being the center of attention and I can』t even buy a motorcycle I really want. (para. 7) 4) Conclusion (para 8-9) The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad. A. It』s a great feeling to think you are part of the reason that a id decided to try to be good. B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings. C. Charles Barkley is a good role model. Vocabulary 2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far 4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to 8) look up to 9) Let』s face it 10) you name it 3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlived

④ 新編大學英語第三版快速閱讀第1冊答案誰有

Book 1  Translation Exercises  
 
Unit 1 Translation 
1)  當我知道詳細情況時，我意識到我不該在辦公室發脾氣。 (should not have done) 2)  我和鮑勃不是很熟，不過我們偶爾一起出去喝一杯。(occasional) 3)  會議應該在周二召開，但我們不得不推遲 (be supposed to) 
4)  我國政府採取行動使那個國家的所有中國人回到了祖國  ( take action) 
5)  包括周末在內，僅僅還有12天時間可以用來買聖誕禮物。     (including) 
6)  如果不立即採取行動，許多種野生動物就會因飢餓而死亡。     (without, hunger) 1) When I knew the details, I realized I shouldn』t have lost my tempers in the office. 
2) I don』t/didn』t know Bob very well, but we go/went out for an occasional drink together. 3) The meeting is supposed to taken place on Tuesday，but we have to put it off. 4）Our government took action immediately to bring all the Chinese in that country back to motherland. 
5） Including weekends, there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents. 6）Without immediate action, many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger.  
Unit 2 Translation  
1) 那首歌總是使她回想起在芝加哥度過的那個夜晚。(remind… of…) 2) 街角處剛巧有一位警察，我便向他問路。(happen to, corner) 3) 由於天氣惡劣，今天所有去紐約的航班都延誤了。(delay) 4) 誰有責任誰就必須賠償損失。(whoever, responsible) 
5)回家後我發現公文包不見了，我肯定是把它落在賓館的某個地方了。( must have) 6)當他在這所中學工作了30年時，學生人數已將增加到了2000多人。(by the time) 1) That song always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago.  
2) There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way.  3) All flights to New York today are/were delayed because of the bad weather.  4) Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage.  
5) When I got home I found my briefcase missing，I must have left it somewhere in the hotel.  6) By the time he had worked 30 years in the middle school，the number of students had increased to over 2000.   
Unit 3 Translation 
1) 除非你有經驗，否則你得不到這份工作。(unless) 
2) 我把大部分時間花在研究中美文化的差異上了。(spend) 3) 這句話意思極清楚，決不會引起誤解。(so„ that) 4) 他希望能夠給予她比現在更多的幫助。(more than) 5)要記得邀請她來參加生日晚會，不然她會抱怨的。(or) 6)主任說：「你必須把購置設備的2500美元加到成本中去。」   (add„ to„)  7) 了解自己的長處、弱點以及所處的環境很重要。(be aware of) 
8) 如果你繼續對每個人這么粗魯，你很快就會發現自己什麼朋友都沒有了。(find oneself without) 
1） You won』t get the job unless you』ve got the experience. 

 
2 
2)  Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. 4) The statement/sentence is so clear that it can』t cause any misunderstanding. 5) Remember to invite her to the birthday party，or she would complain. 
6) 「You have to add $2,500 for equipment purchase / buying equipment to the cost,」 said the director. 
7) It is important to be aware of your strengths and weaknesses and the environment you are in. 8) You will soon find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everybody  
Unit 4 Translation 
1.做出貢獻的人太多了，無法一一提及！(far too) 2.半夜裡那嘈雜聲把我們弄醒了。(in the middle of) 
3.他不應該對我說的話表示生氣，那僅僅是個玩笑而已。(nothing more than) 4.我們邀請了所有的朋友去野餐，但是由於下雨只來了其中的五位。(show up) 5.婚姻被視為一件嚴肅的事情。(view„ as) 
6.令我失望的是，這部電影並不像我期望的那麼好。(live up to somebody』s expectations) 1）The indivials/people who have contributed are far too mention. 2）The noise woke us in the middle of the night. 
3）He shouldn』t have been angry at what I said. It was nothing more than a joke. 
4）We invited all our friends to the picnic but it rained and only five of them showed up.  5）marriage is viewed as a serious matter.  
6.) To my disappointment, the movie didn』t live up to my expectations.   
Unit 5 Translation 
1) 我過去常去看電影，但現在再也沒有時間了。（used to） 2) 兩個工人互相合作修理破裂的管子。（cooperate） 
3) 這是一種殘忍的做法，應該馬上停止。(… practice which…) 
4) 你的工作哪一方面最困難，哪一方面最有益？ (aspect，rewarding) 5)他以為自己已經解決了該問題，但情況並非如此。(the case) 6) 我會盡我所能幫忙，但我所能做的也很有限。(a limit to) 
1) I used to go to the cinema/movies a lot, but I never have the time now. 2) The two workers cooperated with each other to fix the broken pipe. 3) This is a cruel practice which should be stopped immediately. 
4) What aspect of your job/work is (the) most difficult, and what aspect is (the) most rewarding? 5)He thought he had already solved the problem, but that』s not the case. 6) I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.  
Unit 6 Translation 
1) 艾麗絲的努力工作使她得到了一大筆獎金。 (bonus) (result in)   2) 飛機馬上要起飛了，我們要系好安全帶。(take off)  
3) 博物館向公眾開放的第一天，總共有20,000人前來參觀。(a total of)  4) 事故調查組由10名專家組成，由一位副部長擔任組長。 (consist of) 
5) 整個下午，他鎖著實驗室的門在裡面做他的項目。 (project, with引導的獨立結構)   

 3 
1) Alice』s hard work resulted in a big bonus for her.  
2) The plane is going to take off, and we have to fasten our safety belts.  3) As soon as I'm on board a ship I always feel sick. 
4) The accident investigation team consisted of 10 experts, with a vice minister as the team leader  5) 
All the afternoon he worked on his project in his lab with the door locked.   
Unit 7 Translation 
1) 我朋友說她會考慮向學校捐款。(consider，make donation) 2) 我建議他認真考慮一下，然後再作決定。(suggest) 3) 明天約翰很可能會來參加聚會。(be likely to) 
4) 僅有理論知識是不夠的， 我們還要學會如何將理論應用於實踐。(put into practice) 
5) 你本不應該再回到那幢還在燃燒的大樓，你有可能會被嚴重燒傷的。(shouldn』t have, might have) 
6) 我從來沒有想過會有問題。(cross one』s mind) 
7）查爾斯（Charles）怕羞，不會主動結交朋友（take the initiative） 1. My friend said she would consider making a donation to the school. 2. I suggest he think carefully about it before he makes any decision. 3. John is very likely to come to the party tomorrow. 
4. It』s not enough to have only theoretical knowledge. We should learn how to put theory into practice. 
5. You shouldn』t have gone back to the burning building----- you might have been badly/ seriously burnt. 
6. It/The thought had never crossed my mind that there might be a problem. 7. 
Charles is shy and does not take the initiative in making friends.  
Unit 8 Translation 
1) 要進行長時間的談判才能達成協議。(take place) 2) 電腦能儲存大量信息。(a great deal) 
3) 
那個年輕人在24歲時就已經成為一家大公司的首席執行官。(by the age of) 4）這個老師知道他所有學生的名字。(by name) 5）警察最終成功破解了這個疑案。(succeed in) 
6）他喜歡各種體育運動，特別是籃球。(most of all) 7）他渴望面對面地見到他最喜愛的流行歌星。(face to face) 8）他們因為有共同的興趣愛好而相愛。(fall in love, common) 
1）Lengthy negotiations must take place before any agreement can be reached.  2）A computer can store a great deal of information.  
3）By the age of 24, the young man had made himself CEO of a large company.  4）The teacher knows all his students by name.  
5）The police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery.. 6)  He likes all kinds of sports, but most of all, basketball. o 7）He is eager to meet his favorite pop star face to face. 
8）They fell in love with each other because they had common interests.  
Unit 9 Translation 

 4 
1) 演講的主題已提早一星期宣布，而主講人的名字卻沒有（宣布）。(in advance) 2) 居然還有學生在考試之前踢足球，這似乎令人難以置信。(incredible) 3) Auden先生是一個快樂的人，他從幫助別人之中獲得樂趣。(derive) 4) 大多數人都已意識到需要減少能源消耗。 5) 首先，我歡迎你參加此次會議。(first of all) 
6) 我不習慣於這樣的奢侈，這是在浪費金錢。(luxury) 7) 考試結果將在星期五下午張貼出來。(put up) 
8) 一些殘酷的動物實驗是以科學的名義進行的。(in the name of) 
1）The topic of the speech is announced a week in advance, but the name of the speaker is not.. 2）It seemed incredible that some students still played football before the exams. 3）Mr. Auden is a happy man who derives pleasure from helping others. 4）Most people are aware of the need to rece energy consumption. 5）I』d like to welcome you to the meeting. 
6)  I』m not accustomed to such luxury. It is a waste of money. 7）The results of the exam will be put up on Friday afternoon. 
8）Some cruel experiments on animals are carried out in the name of science..  
Unit 10 Translation 
1) 他在25歲以前從未獨自生活過。(up until) 
2) 交通不便曾是導致飢餓的主要原因之一。  (lack of transportation)  
3) 使用現代農業機械， 人們能夠耕種更多的土地並且更省力。(make…possible)  4) 這種對付暈船的葯片只不過是安慰劑（placebo）罷了。(little more than)  
5) 我們的目標是減少對化學肥料的依賴， 實現可持續的農業發展。(sustainable)  6) 翻譯時不應根據自己的好惡改變原文的意思。(alter)  1) Up to the age of 25, he had never lived alone.  
2) One of the main causes of hunger used to be lack of transportation. 
3) The use of modern farming machines makes it possible for people to cultivate more land with less labors. 
4) The pills to prevent sea-sickness are little more than placebo.  
5) Our aim is to rely less on chemical fertilizers and achieve sustainable development in agriculture.   
6）In doing translation, one should not alter the meaning of the original to suit one』s own taste/preferences.  

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⑥ 21世紀大學實用英語綜合教程1（第二版）unit7-unit8課後答案和翻譯 在線等啊!!! 急求!!!

1.react 2.tense 3.recommended 4.destructive 5. perceive

6.emphasis 7.stirred 8.priority 9.attributed 10. stimulate

IV.

1. blow his top 2. Among other things

3. take charge of 4. put emphasis on

5. is attributed to 6. from my viewpoint

7. substituted low-fat oil for butter 8.cut down on

9. keep your audience in mind 10. out of control

V.

1.N 2.E 3.G 4.J 5.I 6.A 7.C 8.L 9.D 10.O

Word Building

VI.

1.endless 2. thoughtful 3. harmful 4. restless

5.beautiful 6.successful 7.fearless 8.joyful

VII.

realize privatize characterize socialize

nationalize economize normalize criticize

1.nationalized 2.criticized 3.normalized 4.economize

5.realized 6.socializing 7.privatized 8.characterizes

Sentence structure

VIII.

1.When you are studying abroad,misunderstandings can result from cultural differences, among ohter things.

2.Online learning requires, among other things, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course.

3.The research work was severely criticized for its poor management, among other things.

4.They discussed, among other things, the future of the oil instry.

5.The article shows, among other things, the negative effects of generation gap between parents and children.

IX.

1.The more often I practice, the better I play.

2.The higher we got up in the air, the colder it became.

3.The more carbon the steel contains and the quicker the cooling is,the harder the steel becomes.

4.The more I thought about his suggestion, the more doubtful I became.

5.The more he eats,the fatter he becomes.

Translation

X.

1.At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.

2.The more I learned about the nature,the more absorbed I became in its mystery.

3.The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new,interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.

4.The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.

5.By contrast,American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.

6.One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.

XI.

1.初了其他內容，他的研究還牽涉到發展中國家與愛滋病的斗爭.

2.這些人明白了他們的服務越好,他們就掙得越多.

3.盡管父親似乎憂慮不安,但蘇珊感覺不到他在表情或行動上有什麼變化.

4.能獲得多少經濟資助已成為學生選擇上哪所學校的更重要的因素.

5.她已經減少了外出和買衣服的花費,但她還是沒錢開始還債.

6.控制壓力的方法之一是認識到生活中有很多事情是我們無法掌控的.

CLOZE

XII.

1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B

Section B

Comprehension of the Text

II.

1. F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.T

Vocabulary

III.

1.constant 2.ambition 3.consequence 4.evident 5. summarize

6.welfare 7.schele 8.attaining 9.loyal 10.indispensable

IV.

1. There isn't anything to do other than wait to see what will happen.

2. Althought Bill was going to the movies, he told Joe to the contrary.

3. I wonder who it was that defined man as a rational animal.

4. Traveling in that country isn't necessary expensive;you can find reasonably priced hotels and restaurants.

5. Janet tends to get angry if you bother her.

6. I would rather walk there than go by bus.

7. She was held for twenty days and at times she feared for her life.

8. He's been burning the midnight oil for a week now, getting ready for finals.

9. For many people the only possible way to escape from poverty is to move to other countries.

10. Born in Milan, he dropped out of university to devote himself to music.

<EBOOK> plutommi\mmi\eb81 </EBOOK> .txz .pbz

第八單元

Unit 8
Comprehension of the Text
I.
1. Today』s college beginners are more consumeristic and less at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
2. It is less important than being financially well off or successful.
3. Work is not the only thing they live for, and they are meant to do more.
4. To help students become aware of the meaning of life.
5. Ecation teaches us to see the connections between things as well as see beyond our immediate needs.
6. We can improve our moral sense by acquiring knowledge accumulated throughout the ages.
7. In the long run, ecation should be about teaching people how to distinguish right from wrong.
8. We ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.
Vocabulary
III.
1. render 2. contribution 3. popular 4.institutions 5.enrolled
6. diverse 7. accumulated 8. distinguish 9. puzzling 10. confine
IV.
1. His past record is certainly something he is proud of.
2. The members of the committee, after a two-hour discussion, finally arrived at a solution.
3. If we want to arrive there in time, we have to travel by day as well as by night.
4. I was shocked when I read of his death in a newspaper.
5. According to the police, the young man was arrested at the scene of the robbery.
6. There is nothing more frustrating than spending hours searching for information, only to discover the information useless.
7. It is unnecessary to worry a lot. In fact, things will get better in the long run.
8. My smile was meant to show interest in this trip, but Carla was far too intelligent to believe it showed anything of the sort.
9. The number of students who want to be enrolled in engineering courses is way up.
10. The little girl is so fond of her dog that she gives it a piece of chocolate every day.
V.
1. A 2. D 3. M 4. N 5. E 6. J 7. C 8. L 9. G 10. H
Word Building
VI.
1. weekly 2. attractive 3. worldly 4. costly 5. secondary
6. leisurely 7. earthly 8. customary 9. protective 10. progressive
11. sickly 12. momentary 13. manly 14. orderly
VII.
1. backward(s) 2. strangely 3. outward(s) 4. unfortunately
5. homeward(s) 6. originally 7. sadly 8. inward(s)
Sentence structure
VIII.
1. On no account will they give up the plan.
2. Little does he know much his parents love him.
3. Not until he read the report did he realize what a serious mistake he had made.
4. Hardly could the poor old man fall asleep with a pain in his leg.
5. Under no conditions will we give in to their demands.
IX.
1. While I agree it is a tough problem, I don』t think it cannot be solved.
2. While Sara cannot come to help us, she will give us some suggestions.
3. While people admit pollution is very serious, few are willing to take measures.
4. While it』s raining hard now, it will clear up anytime.
5. While it is true we need money badly, we cannot steal it.
Translation
X.
1. Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.
2. While I understand what you say, I don』t agree with you on the issue.
3. I think the police are meant to protect people.
4. I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.
5. At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.
6. If only I hadn』t said those silly words! I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.
XI.
1. 五年前我幾乎不會想到今天我會與這么多來自世界各地的學生坐在一起學習英語。
2. 雖然這些職位給你帶來榮耀和權力，但是它也賦予你巨大的責任。
3. 從長遠來看，糧食生產和人口增長之間的競爭難以輕易解決。
4. 有時我們發現，自己爬上了成功的階梯，卻發現階梯靠在錯誤的牆壁上。（即：我們爬上去了，卻發現不是自己真正追求的東西。）
5. 新計劃的目的是讓年輕人快速走上管理崗位。
6. 這個年輕人志向高遠，非常希望能有所成就，讓父母為他驕傲。
Cloze
XII.
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. A
11. C 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 16.B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20.A
XIV.
There has been a sad tendency among youngsters in valuing material things more and more. For college students, the most popular subjects that they prefer to choose are accounting, computer programming, business, etc. When they graate from colleges, the jobs they prefer to choose are sales representative, advertisement designing, international business, etc. Fewer and fewer people are choosing teaching or social services as their life career.
Section B
Comprehension of the Text
II.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. F 8. F
Vocabulary
III.
1. eliminate 2. displayed 3. implicit 4. promotion 5. motivated
6. prospect 7. constructed 8. civil 9. preference 10. absence
IV.
1. Correct form: in particular; synonym: especially/particularly
2. Correct form: in short; synonym: in brief
3. Correct form: are committed to; definition: promise to do (sth.)
4. Correct form: based … on; definition: use… as a basis
5. Correct form: By/In comparison; synonym: compared to
6. Correct form: at large; synonym: as a whole; in general
7. Correct form: happy with; synonym: satisfied with
8. Correct form: associated with; synonym: connected with
9. Correct form: ground to a halt; definition: graally stop
10. Correct form: protect… from; synonym: defend… from

⑦ 急求新編大學英語第二冊課後翻譯答案，包括translation practice答案翻譯！拜謝

Unit One
1.He walked slowly because of his broken leg.
2.Despite his serious illness, he attended the meeting.
3.He saw to it that the same mistakes would not happen any more.
4.Now that they know each other much, they could get along well.
5.I found myself surrounded by five or six boys at this time.
6.On the happy occasion, I give my best wishes to you.

Unit Two
1.I went to the dentist to have my bad teeth pulled out.
2.The development of thing is depend on the internal causes.
3.All roads lead to Rome.
4.I intended to give you the book, but I forgot to take.
5.I was on the verge of accepting his suggestion.
6.We can't take divorce lightly.

Unit Three
1.Lack of confidence contributes to his failure.
2.In the face of severely diease, he showed great courage.
3.We come to a conclusion that shi is telling the truth.
4.His secreary failed to tell him about the meeting.
5.Learning a language is not only a matter of memorizing words.
6.Once she comes to some decision, on one can hold her back.
7.It is difficult to live up to the standard made by our captain.
8.The scientist refers to this discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.

Unit Four
1.All that I can say is that we are so sorry.
2.In many cases, rules alone will not work.
3.Because of his intelligence and diligence, he's highly likely to succeed.
4.She stared at me, as if she didn't know me.
5.It is reported that three people were injured in the accident yesterday.
6.I was angry the way he treated me.
7.The patient is much the same this morning as he was yesterday.
8.I want to stay at home rather than go out tonight.

Unit Five
1.You will see what I say will come true.
2.The lecture was so boring that half of students fell asleep.
3.Unemployment is tied up with the development of technology.
4.His appearance change so greatly that you may well not recognize him.
5.The history of castle can date back to 14 century.
6.She never did anything for them, whereas they have done anything they could for her.

Unit Six
1.We regard him as one of the most excellent players in this match.
2.The scientist picked those small stones up, and put them into a box carefully.
3.The population of China is almost five times as big as that of America.
4.The reason why grass is green was ever a mystery to the little boy.
5.She was standing by a window, apparently very calm and relaxed.
6.Recently, as a result of sales volume drop down, profits have declined.
7.She wears darkglasses as a protection against the strong light.
8.Through that things, peple will no longer believe him.

Unit Seven
1.If you sing the song for several times, the children can pick up lyrics of it.
2.We try our best to assure the nervous old man that plane taking is safe.
3.The inadequate supply of vitamin A can lead to night blindness.
4.I can use computers, but when it comes to repairing computers, I know nothing.
5.Many a mother try to make their dreams come true on their daughters.
6.The nasty weather discouraged people from attending the parade.
7.I gave him some pills to ease his pain.
8.This job involves going abroad for three months every year.

Unit Eight
1.I think I should piont out how dangerous it is.
2.Their opinions can not affect my decision.
3.When it comes to modern art, few people know more than Tom.
4.When someone asks her, she confirms she will retire.
5.The cough medicine tastes nice, but it doesn't me any good.
6.If we couldn't sell out more goods, we have to cut back on proction.
7.The film is all but three hours.
8.I assure you my story is true, lest someone feel strange.

Unit Nine
1.You should arrange things well prior to your setting off.
2.This behavior may result in the manager's being fired.
3.Our procts could compete with those of other factories in terms of quality, reliabilty, especially varity.
4.Because of the heavy rain, the performance of the team was affected a lot.
5.I can appreciate the reason why you are against this suggestion.
6.To some extent, she should be responsible for this accident.
7.The thought that life is too comfortable, makes me deeply upset.
8.Women tend to live longer than men.

Unit Ten
1.We can go to the performance at 7o'clock or 8o'clock whichever suits you best.
2.People always think that men are stronger, but most women know the fact is reverse.
3.He was sentenced for five years, but he was released after two years in the jail.
4.You look equally nice on both the clothes, I don't know which one to advice.
5.This candidate has an impressively diverse range of interests and rich experiment.
6.The child suddenlly let go of her hand and run to the opposite side of the road.
7.In a great degree, the result of match depends on the judge's opinions.
8.I'm tired of telling you what I should do all the time.

⑧ 新編大學英語第二版第二冊第八單元課文翻譯

基因、環境與雙胞胎 遺傳與環境究竟哪一個影響更大呢？從某種程度上講，一個人生來具有的潛力將決定他一生的作為。因此遺傳即命運，是命中註定的東西。然而，基因並不是在真空中發揮作用的；一旦我們開始認識到基因在個人發展中所起的作用，我們就會明白，沒有與其相互作用的環境，就不可能有任何個人的發展。沒有一個特點是完全由環境或者完全由基因造成的。遺傳和環境的相互影響在同卵雙胞胎中最易觀察到。大多數的同卵雙胞胎是在一起撫養長大的，因而無論在外表還是行為上都驚人的相像。這些實例說明，若在同樣的環境中撫養長大，具有相同基因的個體就會以幾乎同樣的方式對環境做出反應。但這些例子並不能說明如果把這些同卵雙胞胎分開撫養會發生什麼情況。對分開撫養的同卵雙胞胎已進行了許多研究。被研究的這些雙胞胎都生活在美國，成長的自然環境幾乎相同，並且具有幾乎相同的營養史。因而，正如所料，他們在外表、身高和體重上極其相似。但也有例外：一對雙胞胎中的一個患了相當嚴重的疾病而另一個卻沒生病；但是總體而言，同卵雙胞胎，甚至從嬰兒時就分離的同卵雙胞胎，在心理和身體上會如此相似，給每個人留下了深刻的印象。在對從一出生就分離的19對雙胞胎的研究中，研究者發現，其中約三分之二的雙胞胎之間的差異與一起長大的雙胞胎之間的差異一樣不明顯。這有力地說明了基因的影響力和環境作用的局限性。然而，必須記住的是，盡管被研究的同卵雙胞胎生活在不同家庭里且相距甚遠，但總體而言，那些家庭的環境基本上沒有什麼差異。人們通常都會千方百計地將每個孩子安置在和他自己原來的家庭背景相同的家庭里，因而發現這些雙胞胎成長中有不少相似之處就不足為奇了。但是在那些分開撫養的雙胞胎的生長環境有較大差異的實例中，雙胞胎之間的差異就很大了。下面的例子說明了在對比度很大的環境中成長的同卵雙胞胎的情況。格拉迪斯和海倫出生於俄亥俄州的一個小鎮，在大約18個月大時被分開撫養。她們直到18歲才再次相遇。海倫被領養了兩次。由於她最初的養父母靠不住，兩年後海倫又被送回到孤兒院。過了幾個月，她再一次被住在密歇根東南部的一對農場主夫婦領養。此後25年她一直住在那裡。她的第二個仰慕盡管本身沒受過什麼教育，卻下決心要讓海倫得到良好的教育；海倫最終大學畢業，教了12年的書，26歲時結婚，並有了一個女兒。格拉迪斯被加拿大的一個列車乘務員及其妻子領養。她讀三年級的那一年，全家搬到了加拿大落基山脈一帶一個相當偏僻的地方，那兒沒有學校，格拉迪斯的正是教育也就此結束，知道全家搬到安大略省後才得以繼續。於是格拉迪斯就呆在家裡幹家務，一直到她17歲，隨後在一家針織廠工作。19歲那年她去了底特律，找到了一份工作，21歲時結了婚。海倫在兒童和成年時期都一直比格拉迪斯健康，但除了這一點以及各自所受的教育不同之外，她們的生活環境十分相似。她們的體重、身高、發色和牙齒都十分相似。她們之間的區別顯然與她們各自的社交生活不同有關。 海倫自信、舉止得體、充分利用了她外表的優勢，在社交中也顯得很從容、有修養。格拉迪斯則害羞、忸怩、沉默寡言，缺乏迷人或優雅的風度。一位研究她們的科學家曾經說過：「這兩個雙胞胎之間的懸殊差異真可謂是大學教育的頗有說服力的廣告。」 考慮到她們在環境方面的經歷的本質不同，海倫和格拉迪斯之間的差異也就不足為怪了。由於心理特點在很大程度上取決於經歷，可想而知心理特點也反映經歷。另一方面，那些不易受環境影響的特點更有可能在同卵雙胞胎中表現出高度的相似性。盡管基因十分重要，但是基因本身絕不能完全決定任何一個特點。我們的能力會達到什麼程度由基因註定，而我們真正做了什麼則主要由環境決定。 科學再次關注雙胞胎 如果你對雙胞胎感興趣的話，那麼雙胞胎鎮會使你著迷。從1976年起的每個夏天，這個位於俄亥俄州克利夫蘭郊外的小鎮都會擠滿眾多的雙胞胎。去年夏天，有2356對雙胞胎從世界各地來到這里，參加並觀看遊行、焰火、魔術表演、五公里賽跑以及100多項的比賽：評選出年紀最大的、年紀最小的、最像的、最不像的，以及兩人相加笑起來嘴咧得最大的雙胞胎。你要是去過那兒的話，你可能會注意到有很多科學家也參加了這個盛會。有些科學家是來尋找引起疾病的緣由——例如皮膚病、癌症、心臟病。另外一些科學家則對雙胞胎自身的感受感興趣。但是在所有的科學家中，從事最重要的——也是最有爭議的——工作的是這樣一些科學家，他們專門研究先天遺傳和後天培養這個由來已久的問題，即研究我們是如何發展成現在這個樣子的。為什麼我們有些人精通數學或擅長寫作，而另外一些人則在藝術或籃球上出類拔萃？是什麼造成了我們在智力、才能和品味上的差異？這些主要是由我們從父母那裡繼承來的基因（先天遺傳）決定的嗎？同我們的生活經歷（後天培養），也就是我們成長的社會環境又有多大關系呢？如果你是一個對這個問題感興趣的科學家，你難道不想研究一下同卵雙胞胎嗎？想一想，從同一受精卵發育出來了兩個人。也就是說，兩個人有完全相同的基因。同卵雙胞胎之間存在的任何不同都只能是他們成長環境不同的結果。但是你能說他們之間的任何相同點都是基因相同的緣故嗎？不一定吧。記住，大多數雙胞胎都有相似的成長環境——同樣的房子，同樣的飲食，同樣的親戚等等。研究在不同環境下撫養的同卵雙胞胎，或許是你能准確衡量先天遺傳和後天培養所起的作用的唯一方法。在過去的10年間，由心理學家小托馬斯·J·布沙爾帶領的一組科學家研究了大約65對分開撫養的同卵雙胞胎。他們還研究了大約45對分開撫養的異卵雙胞胎。科學家們把每對雙胞胎帶到明尼蘇達大學進行為期一周、深入細致的檢測。小組里的醫生和牙醫們給這些雙胞胎進行了全面的體檢。他們記錄了雙胞胎的身高、體重、眼睛顏色、耳朵的形狀和頭圍。同時，心理學家們還對雙胞胎進行了智商和性格測試。為了測試性格，心理學家們設法測定了：雙胞胎們對事情擔憂的程度，他們是謹慎型的還是魯莽型的，以及他們的創造力如何。他們根據雙胞胎們對一些陳述的回答來衡量這些方面以及其他一些性格特徵，這些陳述包括「我很少魯莽行事」，「木柴燃燒的火焰激發我的想像力」等。一周結束時，每個雙胞胎都回答了大約15000個問題。布沙爾小組對分開撫養的雙胞胎之間的相似之處感到非常吃驚。例如他們的手勢和姿勢經常很相似，真是令人驚奇。在照片上，很多雙胞胎擺出的姿勢幾乎一模一樣。有些同卵雙胞胎還發現他們的生活方式極其相似。「吉姆兄弟」是布沙爾研究的第一對同卵雙胞胎，他們出生四周後就被不同的家庭領養。他們都在俄亥俄州長大，彼此相隔45英里。當他們在39歲重逢時，發現了一系列驚人的相同之處：兩個人都叫吉姆，都開同一型號的藍色雪佛蘭，都喜歡做木工，都有啃手指甲的習慣，養的狗都叫「Toy」。兩個人都有傍晚頭痛的毛病，都是在18歲時開始的。在吉姆兄弟之間所發現的相同點在明尼蘇達小組研究的雙胞胎身上都普遍存在的。有些對明尼蘇達小組研究工作持批評態度的人說「這些巧合沒什麼可奇怪的」。他們認為每個人的生活里都有很多的細節，因此必然會有巧合。而且，對於異地撫養的同卵雙胞胎之間發現的任何一個巧合，持懷疑態度者都能指出大量未被發現的不同點。同一對雙胞胎可能有不同型號的電視機，支持不同的足球隊。但不同點是不會被報道的，因為它們不會使人吃驚。但是除了巧合之外，明尼蘇達的科學家們收集並分析了有關雙胞胎的健康、智力和個性方面的大量數據。布沙爾認為，有關異地撫養的同卵雙胞胎的數據清楚地顯示了：先天遺傳，即我們所繼承的基因，對我們的生活有顯著的影響。該小組發現，這些同卵雙胞胎在身高、指紋和心率等生理特徵方面極其相似。成年的同卵雙胞胎還往往有相似的病史，例如同時得了青光眼。明尼蘇達小組報告說智力似乎也更受基因的影響而不是環境。盡管由不同的家庭撫養長大，布沙爾小組研究的同卵雙胞胎在成人智力測驗中所得的分數完全相同或幾乎相同。但是最令人吃驚的是，明尼蘇達小組發現基因對於個性的形成起著重要作用，例如，會決定我們是尊重傳統、循規蹈矩，還是會成為堅定的離經叛道者。根據布沙爾的看法，你與生俱來的基因對你是否自信、快樂、樂觀或者對世界上的事是否持消極態度有很大影響。明尼蘇達小組的一位心理學家南希·西格爾說：「這項研究令人信服地表明：基因影響人們行為的每個方面。」另一些科學家不同意這個說法。他們質問：既然光是對智力的定義就多種多樣，你們又怎麼能夠去研究智力是否是遺傳的呢？他們認為同樣的問題也存在於其它的性格特徵中。布沙爾本人表示了這樣的觀點：即使是他所研究過的最相似的雙胞胎也是彼此不同的。因此即便基因對我們的生活有很大的影響，它們也不是唯一起影響作用的因素。我們的日常經歷也有助於塑造我們。你知道這意味著什麼：為了考試，你還得學習！ 父母健談，孩子聰明 「具有代表性的」家長在孩子出生之後最初的幾年中是如何與孩子交談的，就這一問題有一項詳盡的研究，並已獲得了大量的富有價值的數據和一些具有重要社會意義的初步發現。 父母與9個月到3歲大的孩子的交流在性質和范圍上有著顯著的階級差異。這種差異的結果是：白領家庭的孩子智力有顯著的提高，藍領家庭的孩子智力有所提高，而在（依靠）福利救濟（維持生活）的家庭中，孩子（在智力方面）得到的幫助少得令人擔憂。這項研究的兩位合作負責人是堪薩斯大學的杯底·哈利和阿拉斯加大學的托德·里斯利。他們認為父母與之交談很大的小孩同父母與之交談很少的小孩相比，在日後的智力測驗中得分要高的多。 「父母與他們的小孩交談越多，對以後小孩的智力發展越有好處，」里斯利說。「但是，家長行為中存在的這種巨大的階級差異使我們感到震驚，它表明靠福利救濟的家庭中的孩子所面臨的問題靠每周上幾小時海德思達舉辦的幼兒教育課是無法克服的。」 上周在多倫多舉行的美國心理學協會的年會上，哈特和里斯利報告了對堪薩斯城地區42戶人家的觀察結果。 早先關於環境和基因對個人和種族群體的智商和智力潛能的相對影響就已經爭論得很激烈了，哈特和里斯利的這一研究又激化了這一爭論。兩年半的調查以及隨後三年中研究者們對大量的觀察資料——文字的和磁帶記錄的——所進行的分析為爭論中的環境因素這一方增加了新的內容。 哈特和里斯利研究的家庭都很正常，沒有出現類似虐待兒童或精神疾病等嚴重問題。在13個職業家庭中，父母雙方至少有一人屬於白領階層；23個工人家庭中，父母所做的工作包括電工和管道工等；有6個家庭主要靠福利救濟維持生活。這些家庭還代表了相當廣泛的種族和民族群體；有8個是單親家庭。家庭中孩子數目也從1個到7個不等。 受過訓練的觀察者們從每家選擇一個小孩，從這個孩子9個月大時，每兩個月花一小時用錄音和文字記下這期間孩子在家庭里的全部交流情況。觀察者們只關注這個孩子以及與之談話、交流的人。他們從不向父母提任何建議，即使被問到也不說。 里斯利說，每家的父母與孩子談話，隨著一個月又一個月的時間推移，呈現出富有特色的層次。總體說來，職業家庭的父母最健談；他們每小時對孩子說的話幾乎是工人家庭父母的兩倍，是福利救濟家庭父母的四倍。 所有家庭的父母都傾注了幾乎同樣的精力看管孩子，不讓他們有麻煩和危險。但是那些跟孩子說話最多的父母，在與孩子的交流中又加入了至關重要的因素，例如對孩子做出的努力予以肯定和支持，回答孩子提出的問題，給孩子提供指導以及使用豐富的詞彙。經常與父母進行高水平交談的小孩在他們3歲時進行的智力狀況測試中表現得格外出色，即使把社會經濟和其他因素都考慮進去結果也是一樣。9歲時進行的後續調查表明，這些孩子在智商上仍然保持優勢。 紐約城市大學的心理學家弗朗西斯·D·霍洛維茨認為，雖然基因能影響人的智力，但是新的數據卻顯示，父母與孩子交談的方式以及表達對孩子在學習上的期望的方式也會對孩子的智力發展產生很大的影響。霍洛維茨說：「這份不同尋常的報告賣出了很有意義的一步，使人們對正常兒童的發展有了更好的理解。」