大學英語5綜合教程翻譯答案
『壹』 大學英語綜合教程5課後答案
這個內容是很多的啊，建議你還是買本課文輔導書吧。
星火有這本書的配套課文輔導，有課文翻譯、課後答案、知識點講解以及擴展知識等等，還有配盤，十來塊錢一本，什麼都全了。
『貳』 跪求大學英語綜合教程第五單元的課文翻譯
逾越障礙
課文A
讀一讀以下兩則名言，想一想邁克爾·斯通的故事是否印證了其間的道理。
障礙越是巨大，逾越它也就越感自豪。——莫里哀
只有天空漆黑時，你才可以看到星星。——查爾斯·久比爾德
真正的高度
大為·納史特
他手心在出汗。他需要用毛巾把握竿的手擦乾。太陽火辣辣的，與他今天在全國少年奧林匹克運動會上所面臨的競爭一樣熱烈。橫桿升到了17英尺。比他個人的最高記錄高出3英寸。邁克爾·斯通面臨的是其撐竿跳高生涯中最具挑戰性的一天。
盡管賽跑決賽一小時前就已經結束，看台上仍然觀眾滿座，足有20，000人上下。撐竿跳高確實是所有田徑比賽中最精彩的項目。它融合了體操運動員的優雅與健美運動員的力量。它還具有飛翔的特徵，對觀看該項目比賽的觀眾來說，飛躍兩層樓的高度簡直是一件不可思議的事情。
邁克爾自從能記事起就一直夢想著飛翔。從小到大，母親給邁克爾念過無數關於飛翔的故事。她的故事總是從高空俯瞰描述大地。她對細節的激情和酷愛使得邁克爾的夢境色彩繽紛、絢麗無比。邁克爾總是重復做著一個夢。他在鄉間大路上飛奔。當他奔跑在金色的麥田之間時，總是把開過的機車一路甩在身後。就在他深深吸上一口氣的瞬間，他開始從地面一躍而起，就像一頭雄鷹那樣開始翱翔。
他飛越的都是母親故事裡描述的地方。無論他飛向何方，他都懷著母愛所賜予他的自由精神，用敏銳的目光觀察入微。可他的父親卻不是個夢想家。伯特·斯通是個徹頭徹尾的現實主義者。他信奉的是努力與苦幹。他的格言是：簧鍵絹諺殉吼蒔，腐掙努力工／戶／
從14歲起，邁克爾就是這么做的。他開始按非常周密的計劃訓練。他每隔一天進行舉重訓練，其它的日子做些跑步訓練。訓練計劃由邁克爾的教練、訓練員兼父親嚴加督導。邁克爾的投入、執著、自律正是每一個教練所夢寐以求的。邁克爾在學校是位優秀生，在家是個獨生子，但他仍幫助父母在自家的農場上千些雜活。邁克爾的母親米爾德里德·斯通希望他能更放鬆些，還是做那個「自由幻想」的小男孩。有一次，她試圖跟他及其父親好好談一下，可當父親的馬上就打斷了她，笑著說：「要想有所收獲，就得努力工作！」
邁克爾今天躍過的所有高度顯然都是對他刻苦努力的回報。邁克爾·斯通在成功躍過17英尺的橫桿時是感到驚訝、激動還是得意，人們無從知曉。邁克爾身體剛剛落在充氣墊上，觀眾還沒坐下，他馬上就開始准備下一次飛躍。他似乎並未意識到自己剛剛把個人最好成績提高了3英寸，已經是全國少年奧林匹克運動會撐竿跳高項目最後兩名決賽者之一。
當邁克爾成功躍過17英尺2英寸和17英尺4英寸高度的橫桿時，他仍沒有流露出絲毫感情。他仰面躺著，聽到觀眾在嘆息，他知道另一位撐竿跳運動員最後一跳沒有成功。他知道自己最後一跳的時刻到了。由於那位運動員失敗次數較少，邁克爾這一跳只有成功才能獲勝。這一次跳不過就會使自己落到第二名。那也絲毫無愧，但邁克爾決不讓自己產生哪怕一絲與冠軍無緣的念頭。
他翻了個身，照例指尖撐地做了三下俯卧撐。他找著了撐竿，站起身，踏上那引向其17年生命中最具挑戰性的一躍的跑道。
這一回，那跑道顯得有些異樣。剎那間，他感到一陣驚嚇。一種惶惑不安的感覺向他襲來。橫桿升在高出他個人最高記錄9英寸的高度。他想，這一高度與全國記錄只差1英寸了。這一刻緊張異常，他感到焦慮不安。他想擺脫緊張情緒。沒有用。他更緊張了。在這種時刻怎麼會這樣呢，他暗暗思忖著。他有點膽怯起來。說是恐懼也許更為恰當。怎麼辦?他以前從來不曾有過這種感覺。這時，不知不覺地，在內心最深處，出現了他母親的身影。為什麼是在這一刻?記憶中，母親在這種時刻會怎樣做呢?很簡單。母親過去總跟他說，當你覺得緊張、焦慮、、甚至害怕的時候，就深深地吸氣。
於是他深深吸了一口氣。在擺脫腿部肌肉緊張的同時，他輕輕地把撐竿放在腳邊。他開始舒展雙臂和上身。剛才飄過一陣輕風，此刻消失了。他小心翼翼地拿起撐竿，只覺得心怦怦在跳。他相信觀眾們的心也在怦怦跳動。場上鴉雀無聲，令人透不過氣來。當他聽見遠處飛鳥啼鳴時，他知道，自己飛身起躍的時刻到了。
他沿著跑道起跑沖刺，那感覺奇特無比，妙不可言，而又似曾相識。腳下的地面就好似過去常常夢見的鄉間大路。金色麥田的景象映現在他的腦海中。他深深吸了一口氣，於是奇跡發生了。他飛起來了。他的起巋L輕松自如。邁克爾·斯通此刻就像兒時夢境中的那般在飛行。不過這一次他知道自己不是在做夢。這一次他真的在飛。周圍一切都似乎在緩緩移動。他感到周圍空氣從未像這樣純凈清新。如同一頭雄鷹，邁克爾在翱翔。
或許是看台上人們爆發出的歡呼聲，或許是他著地時嘭的一聲響使邁克爾回到現實之中。他仰面躺著，明媚的驕陽映照著他的臉。他知道自己只能想像母親的笑靨，他知道爸爸或許也在微笑，甚或歡聲大笑。他不知道的是，他爸爸正與妻子相擁而泣。沒錯，這位「要想有所收獲，就得努力工作」的伯特·斯通在妻子懷里孩子似地淚流滿面。米爾德里德從沒見他那樣哭過。她也知道，他流淌的是最難得的淚水：驕傲的淚水。邁克爾一下子被圍住了，人們擁抱他，祝賀他所取得的一生中最輝煌的成就。那天稍後，他接著越過了17英尺6英寸半，創下了全國和世界少年奧林匹克撐竿跳高的新記錄。
隨著媒體的關注以及可能隨之而來的各種贊助，邁克爾的生活肯定會不同以往。這不僅僅是因為他獲得了全國少年奧林匹克冠軍並刷新了一項世界記錄，也不是因為他將自己的最高記錄提高了9英寸半，而是因為邁克爾·斯通是個盲人。
『叄』 新世紀大學英語綜合教程課後翻譯題答案
哎呀呀，只要再去買一本不就行啦！或者——嗯……你把題目打給我我來翻譯
『肆』 新標准大學英語綜合教程 翻譯答案
Unit 11. Their introction of Amateur Dramatics impressed Sophie so much that she signed up for it.2. Online ecation provides those who work full time with opportunities to receive further ecation in their spare time.3. When he first arrived at university, he was not sure whether he was supposed to scribble down every word out of the professor』s mouth.4. No one detects his despair well hidden behind his smile.5. Some students are easy about talking with strangers, while some others find it hard to do so.Unit 21. They don』t serve chips/French fries here. If you want them, you have to go to a KFC or McDonalds.2. He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead he crushed it.3. When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mould to form a gold bar.4. He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom.5. To our delight, the new economic policy is beginning to have a positive effect on the economy.Unit 31. It is most likely that teachers won』t think much of students who cannot think for themselves2. When he was in high school, hardly anyone did scientific experiments, much less had training in this respect.3. Envy is the result of laziness and ignorance.4. Rather than picking any volunteer job, some college students choose activities based on their majors.5. The best approach is to break the students up into several groups so that they can focus their discussion on specific problems.Unit 41. It is estimated that today, to privacy of half of the 0.4 billion mobile phones subscribers is in danger.2. The less people spend on daily necessities, the more arrangements they will make for leisure activities such as travelling.3. What I especially like about travelling is that I can go to different places and learn about particular lifestyles, conventions and customs in different cultures.4. In most cases, cultural bumps arouse people』s curiosity about different cultures. Only on rare occasions can they cause embarrassment.5. You can reserve the right to make your own choices, but as an alt, you should not act on impulse.Unit 51. Suddenly the man in the red shirt turned off his false smile and showed his true colours.2. The husband flatly contradicted his wife』s claim that he was too lazy to do the housework.3. The man pledged his word that he would not leave the office until the last day of his term.4. He didn』t realize that his fascination for her beauty had blinded him to her faults.5. On hearing that the police had finally found her child in the woods, the young lady shed tears.Unit 61. Make sure the stamp is firmly attached to the letter before you drop it into the mailbox.2. Many youngsters are addicted to net games, which can damage their physical and mental health.3. She sat at the table reading the newspaper, looking for all the world as if nothing had happened.4. I had intended to rece stress by shopping in the mall, but I changed my mind. I decided to have a good sleep instead.5. The Congress has rejected the latest economic proposal put forward by the President because of provoked widespread criticism.
『伍』 新世界大學英語系列教材綜合教程5答案
《http://hi..com/1522637945/blog/item/fb8368485d9b10edd62afc4c.html》打開連接，上面從第一單元開始，全部有！
新世紀大學綜合英語1、2單元答案2011-03-10 12:36Unit 1
P20
1、
1) tackle
2) alternative
3) initial
4) universal
5) crippled
6) genuine
7) construct
8) impressive
9) shallow
P21
10) react
11) generate
12) entitled
13) contact
14) constant
15) rough
16) captured
17) move
18) put
2、
1) In any case
2) took hold
3) root out
4) count…against
5) find it in myself to
6) aware of
7) do her wrong
P22
8) like it or not
1、
1) cured
2) heal
3) treated
4) cure
5) treated
6) heal
7) treat
P23
2、
1) Action speaks louder than words
2) The proction here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius
3) I like to keep things rather than throw them away
4) There is nobody here other than me
5) She』d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss
P24
1、
1) preparing
2) to thank
3) repairing/to be repaired
4) to get
5) studying
6) being treated
7) missing
8) to rece
9) to leave
10) worrying
P25
2、
1) kept nodding, rather confused
2) Fallen leaves
3) surprised, hiding
4) Deeply moved
5) following
6) Being, interested
CLOZE
1) harmonious
2) that
3) ironically
4) For
5) recover
6) go about
7) realize/remember
8) hardest
9) unfair
10) who
11) forgiveness
12) dealing with
13) emotional
p26翻譯
2009-05-31 20:34
1. In life our stupidiest course of action is to cling too much to what we have and refuse to let go.
2. I'm willing to work in the IT instry, but have no idea how to go about it.
3. Many people are aware of the importance of living in harmony with nature.
4. Problems like the generation gap cannot be swept under the carpet.
5. I never did understand what was eating away at her.
6. He has been at peace with the world all his life.
7. He did not speak out/say what he thought. For one thing, she might not understand. For another, he was afraid that she might not forgive him.
8. As the years rooled by, he became increasingly interested in /fascinated
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Unit 2
P48
1、
1) b
2) f
3) d
4) h
5) j
6) a
7) i
8) c
P49
3、
1) bound for
2) without so much as
3) may well
4) fall/get into debt
5) played the fool
6) on earth
7) put my name up for
8) was bestowed on
P50
P52
1) emphasize
2) stretched
3) remedy
4) confine
5) remarkable
6) owe
7) lower
8) response
9) reveal
10) characterized
11) picture
12) adopt
13) proposed
P53
14) trembling
2、
1) singled out for
2) kept back
3) all but
4) in search of
5) on earth
6) in particular
7) first and foremost
8) took in
P54
1、
1) responsible for
2) bound for
3) aware of
4) appreciative of
5) thirsty of
6) worthy of
7) capable of
8) noted for
9) independent of
10) suitable for
P55
2、
1) similar
2) alike/similar
3) sleeping
4) asleep
5) cheerful
6) glad
7) afraid/frightened
8) frightened
9) living
10) alive
3、
1) a delightful holiday
2) a hopeful man / person in politics
3) a forgetful person
4) a masterful manager
5) a handful of rice
6) a spoonful of water
P56
7) an armful of newspapers
8) a roomful of students
9) a mouthful of wine
P57
2.英譯漢
1)傑克，有你的電話。
2)賀卡上印有「新年快樂」的字樣，下面還有一條附言。
3）給了他們兩天的時間來為會議做必要的准備。
4）物體受熱時膨脹。
5）你的筆寫起來很流暢。
3.漢譯英
1）It is known to all that these islands have always been part of China』s territory.
2) When you plan a project, all these factors ought to be taken into consideration.
3) The/These children are well taken care of / are taken good care of in the nursery.
4) The car is too old; it needs repairing/to be repaired.
5) The question has been much talked about on TV recently.
Cloze
1) set
2) circumstances
3) as if
4) value
5) which
6) constant
7) granted
8) aware
9) characterizes
10) appreciate
11) who
12) damage
13) stricken
14) ring
P58漢譯英
1) Such a sight always moves me and sets me thinking.
2) Stop scolding/blaming her—you』d have done the same thing under/in similar circumstances.
3) We should be appreciative of/grateful for what we have instead of taking everything for granted.
4) He may promise to change, but it』s the same old story of saying one thing and doing another.
5) I racked my brains about how to break the terrible news to him.
6) It will be impossible for me to repay my parents for everything they have done for me.
7) For now, it reminds to me to thank you once more for joining us and wish you good luck in your work.
8) I said right from the beginning that he would cause us trouble.
P 83
『陸』 大學英語精讀5課後翻譯題答案
我把所有答案給你 自己找吧關鍵是我不知道具體哪一題 我有所有答案如果要的話繼續問 答案如下：unit5
TEXT A
V
1.compromise 2.content 3.Unfortunately 4.indivial 5.gamble 6.spun
7.atractive 8.afterwards 9.tradition 10.unique 11.arose 12.energetic
VI
1.a little 2.and so on 3.as well 4.give way to 5.in the same way as
6.had in mind 7.most of the time 8.have been on their feet
9.went off 10.are named after 11.has no right to 12.sorted out
VII
1.compromise with,over 2.lying,in 3.lie on 4.content with
5.call at 6.called on 7.named,after 8.active in 9.opinions about
10.opinion of
VIII
1.uncertain 2.unkown 3.unable 4.unfortunate 5.incorrect
6.impatient 7.illegal 8.irregular 9.irrelevant 10.improper
IX
hiker winner loser painter teacher actor
manager : a person who directs the affairs of a business, a sports team, etc.
murderer :a person who murders someone
owner :a person who owns something
player :a person who plays a game or a musical instrument
ruler :a person who rules
conctor:a person who directs the playing of a group of musicians or a person employed to collect money and give out tickets on a bus or train
director :a person who directs something
sailor :a person who works on a ship
visitor :a person who visits a place or someone
inventor :a person who invents something
X
1.What a pity you won?ˉt be back before I leave!
2.What a pity (it is) to waste the food!
3.What a pity she isn?ˉt here!
4.What a pity that we can die only once for our country!
5.What a pity that some of the best acting on stage today can only be seen by so few 6.people!What a pity you can?ˉt swim.
XII
1.That's where 2.That's why 3.that's where 4.That's what 5.That's how
6.That's how 7.that's when 8.that's when 9.that's what 10.That's where
XIII
1.married 2.advice 3.compromise 4.way 5.remain
6.arose 7.name 8.tradition 9.unique 10.question
11.made 12.mind 13.suggested 14.how 15.some
XIV
1.They are Mary?ˉs sons Robert and William. One is named after her father, the other is named after her grandfather.
2.He is not content with what he has already got. What a pity he never understands that happiness lies in contentment.
3.She is very active in classroom activities. I am sure that she will make a good teacher.You may have different opinions about it, but I hate the idea of urging people to drink,
4.especially at a dinner party.
We are prepared to give way a little to them on minor problems, but we will never 5.compromise with them on major questions of principle.
Robert didn?ˉt usually get much exercise ring the year, while his wife Mary was on her 6.feet most of the time. That was why it was impossible, or difficult at least, for them to choose a place they both liked for their holiday.
David is a young writer with a high opinion of himself. He thinks that his writing style is 7.unique and refined. But unfortunately, that is not the case.
All I want to say is that as indivials we enjoy many different rights but we have no right to do anything harmful to society.
TEXT B
I
1.effective 2.argument 3.alert 4.typical 5.avoid 6.patience 7.hostile
8.mention 9.significant 10.complain 11.bothered 12.historical 13.tempted 14.selfish
『柒』 全新版大學英語綜合教程4和5（第二版）翻譯和答案
不好意思，我只有4沒有5
『捌』 全新版大學英語綜合教程2第五單元課後習題翻譯
Unit5
1. He was startled by the sound of the back door opening in the dead of night.
在夜深人靜的時候，後門突然打開的聲音讓他大吃一驚。
2. There is nothing serious about the damage to the car; it is a mere scratch.
汽車有沒有損壞嚴重，它僅僅是一個開始。
3. Mom was singing a lullaby to my baby sister while rocking the cradle with a gentle backwards and forwards motion.
媽媽唱著催眠曲，而我的小妹妹在搖籃里輕柔的前後擺動。
4. Tense and hot, we were really sweating as we waited for them to announce the results.
緊張和熱，讓我們感到非常焦急，我們等待他們公布結果
5. He sat leaning against the back of the seat with his legs stretched out straight in front of him.
他喜歡把椅背反過來做，讓雙腿從椅背里伸到外面。
6.She』s one of those habitually vain people who keep glancing at themselves in the mirror when they think no one』s looking.
她習慣經常瞄一眼鏡子時，他們通常認為別人是看不到那些慣常虛榮行為
7.Mike is an extremely careless man. On one occasion, it was not until he got to an ATM that is occurred to him he had left his card at home.
邁克是一個非常粗心大意的男人。 有一次,直到他到了自動櫃員機,才發現他的卡在家裡。
8.Young children often feel a lot of anxiety about their first day at school.
幼兒們在學校的第一天經常感覺到很多憂慮。
9.Stan tends to be driven by his emotions----he rarely considers the consequences of his actions.
Stan往往要由著他的情緒----他很少考慮其行為的後果。
10.She ought to be thoroughly ashamed of herself for talking to her guests in such a rude way.
她還應該徹底感到羞恥,以這種粗暴方式同她的客人說話。
11.In my mind』s eye, she remains a little girl of six although she』s actually grown woman.
雖然她現在實際上已經是一個成年女性，但在我的腦海里，她仍然是一個六歲的小女孩，
12.He had tried to put the unpleasant event out of his mind, but it kept on recurring to him, especially in dreams.
他曾試圖把他心中的不愉快的事件都忘掉，但那些事情一直經常的影響他，尤其是在夢中。
UNIT5
The runway felt different this time. It startled him for a brief moment. Then it all hit him like a wet bale of hay. The bar was set at nine inches higher than his personal best. That's only one inch off the National record, he thought. The intensity of the moment filled his mind with anxiety. He began shaking the tension. It wasn't working. He became more tense. Why was this happening to him now, he thought. He began to get nervous. Afraid would be a more accurate description. What was he going to do? He had never experienced these feelings. Then out of nowhere, and from the deepest depths of his soul, he pictured his mother. Why now? What was his mother doing in his thoughts at a time like this? It was simple. His mother always used to tell him when you felt tense, anxious or even scared, take deep breaths.
這一回，那跑道顯得有些異樣。剎那間，他感到一陣驚嚇。一種惶惑不安的感覺向他襲來。橫桿升到高出他個人最高紀錄9英寸的高度。他想，這一高度與全國紀錄只差1英寸了。這一刻緊張異常，他感到焦慮不安。他想擺脫緊張情緒。沒有用。他更緊張了。在這種時刻怎麼會這樣呢，他暗暗思忖著。他有點膽怯起來。說是恐懼也許更為恰當。怎麼辦？他以前從來不曾有過這種感覺。這時，不知不覺地，在內心最深處，出現了他母親的身影。為什麼是在這一刻？記憶中，母親在這種時刻會怎樣做呢？很簡單。母親過去總跟他說，當你覺得緊張、焦慮、甚至害怕的時候，就深深地吸氣。
UNIT5
(1) 是工人和主管人員的創造力和敬業精神將這個公司變成了一個盈利的企業。It is the creativity and the dedication of the workers and executives that turned the company into a profitable business.
(2) 食品和醫葯的價格在過去的三個月里急劇增長。The prices of food and medicine have soared in the past three months.
(3) 我們打算重新粉刷這棟辦公大樓的上面幾層樓。We plan to repaint the upper floors of the office building.
(4) 他的成功表明流行與藝術價值有時候是一致的。His success shows that popularity and artistic merit sometimes coincide.
(5) 我不願意看見我所敬愛的祖母躺在醫院病床上痛苦地呻吟。I don』t want to see my beloved grandmother lying in a hospital bed and groaning painfully.
Unit 5
The following is how Michael Stone looks back on that day's competition.
In my mind's eye,In my mind's eye I can see every detail of that pole vault. The bar was set at a new height.As Iheard the crowd groan,I knew my competitor had failed to clear it.It was time for my mind with anxiety.I was tense and my palm began to sweat . I tried to shake off the tension , but was unsuccessful. At the critical moment, I remembered my mothe's advice to breathe deeply and brought myself under control . Then I was off , up and away, Soaring like an eahle , just as I did in my recurring dreams. The thump of my landing brought me back to earth. I had done it! This was no mere tantasy, but the real thing . All the sweat and hard work had paid off.Friends were rushing to congratulate me and I was surrounded by numerous clicking cameras of the media.
下面是邁克斯通對於那天比賽的回憶
在我的眼裡，在我的眼裡那個撐桿跳的每個細節都很清晰，桿設置在一個新的高度。當我聽見觀眾的嘆息我知道我的對手沒能跳過去。該我時我心裡充滿了焦慮，我很緊張，手心開始出汗。我試圖努力擺脫緊張情緒，但是失敗了。在關鍵的時刻我想起媽媽的建議：深呼吸，於是我成功地控制住了自己的情緒。於是我助跑，挑起，撐過。歡呼聲像鷹鳴一樣沖天而起，就像我在無數次夢中夢到的那樣。我的落地點上的隆起將我帶回現實，我成功了！這不僅僅是夢想，而是真正的事情。所有的汗水和努力都得到了回報。朋友們沖上來祝賀我，我被無數媒體的閃光燈環繞
『玖』 請問有誰可以提供大學英語綜合教程5第5、6單元text b的課文翻譯嗎
Unit 5 text B
Arctic Melt Unnerves the Experts
北極融化讓專家們坐立不安
1. The Arctic ice cap shrank so much this summer that waves briefly lapped along two long-imagined Arctic shipping routes, the Northwest Passage over Canada and the Northern Sea Route over Russia.
今年夏天北極冰蓋萎縮,短暫地湧入沿著兩個夢想的北極航線,西北通道在加拿大和俄羅斯上空北方航線。
2. Over all, the floating ice dwindled to an extent unparalleled in a century or more, by several estimates.
總體而言,浮冰減少到一個世紀以上,無可匹敵的程度由幾個估計。
3. Now the six-month dark season has returned to the North Pole. In the deepening chill, new ice is already spreading over vast stretches of the Arctic Ocean. Astonished by the summer』s changes, scientists are studying the forces that exposed one million square miles of open water — six Californias — beyond the average since satellites started measurements in 1979.
現在六個月的黑暗的季節回到北極。在深化寒意,新冰已經蔓延在一望無垠的北冰洋。驚訝的夏天的變化,科學家們正在研究力量,暴露一百萬平方英里的開放水域- 6加利福尼亞的超出了平均自1979年衛星開始測量。
4. At a recent gathering of sea-ice experts at the University of Alaska in Fairbanks, Hajo Eicken, a geophysicist, summarized it this way: 「Our stock in trade seems to be going away.」
在最近的一次聚會,海冰專家阿拉斯加大學費爾班克斯,Hajo Eicken,地球物理學家,這樣總結:「我們的股票在交易似乎消失。」
5. Scientists are also unnerved by the summer』s implications for the future, and their ability to predict it.
科學家也已經對夏季影響未來,和他們的預測能力。
6. Complicating the picture, the striking Arctic change was as much a result of ice moving as melting, many say. A new study, led by Son Nghiem at NASA』s Jet Propulsion Laboratory and appearing this week in Geophysical Research Letters, used satellites and buoys to show that winds since 2000 had pushed huge amounts of thick old ice out of the Arctic basin past Greenland. The thin floes that formed on the resulting open water melted quicker or could be shuffled together by winds and similarly expelled, the authors said.
復雜,引人注目的北極變化是一樣的冰移動融化,許多人說。兒子Nghiem領導的一項新研究中,美國宇航局噴氣推進實驗室,本周在《地球物理研究快報,使用衛星和浮標表明自2000年以來,風把大量的老冰厚厚的北極盆地過去的格陵蘭島。薄薄的浮冰,形成結果打開水融化的更快或可以通過風和重組在一起同樣驅逐,作者說。
7. The pace of change has far exceeded what had been estimated by almost all the simulations used to envision how the Arctic will respond to rising concentrations of greenhouse gases linked to global warming. But that disconnect can cut two ways. Are the models overly conservative? Or are they missing natural influences that can cause wide swings in ice and temperature, thereby dwarfing the slow background warming?
變化的速度遠遠超過了被幾乎所有的模擬用於估計設想北極將如何應對溫室氣體濃度上升與全球變暖有關。但這斷開可以減少兩個方面。模型過於保守?還是缺少自然的影響,會導致大幅波動的冰和溫度,從而相形見絀緩慢的背景變暖嗎?
8. The world is paying more attention than ever.
世界比以往任何時候都更關注。
9. Russia, Canada and Denmark, prompted in part by years of warming and the ice retreat this year, ratcheted up rhetoric and actions aimed at securing sea routes and seabed resources.
俄羅斯、加拿大和丹麥,促使部分今年年的變暖,冰撤退,加大言辭和行動旨在保障海上航線和海底資源。
10. Proponents of cuts in greenhouse gases cited the meltdown as proof that human activities are propelling a slide toward climate calamity.
削減溫室氣體排放的支持者認為金融危機是證明人類活動正在推動一個滑向氣候災難。
11. Arctic experts say things are not that simple. More than a dozen experts said in interviews that the extreme summer ice retreat had revealed at least as much about what remains unknown in the Arctic as what is clear. Still, many of those scientists said they were becoming convinced that the system is heading toward a new, more watery state, and that human-caused global warming is playing a significant role.
北極專家說,事情並不那麼簡單。十多位專家在接受采訪時說,極端的夏季冰撤退透露至少盡可能多的關於北極仍然未知什麼是清楚的。盡管如此,許多科學家表示,他們相信,系統正朝著一個新的、更水狀態,人類引起的全球變暖中扮演重要角色。
12. For one thing, experts are having trouble finding any records from Russia, Alaska or elsewhere pointing to such a widespread Arctic ice retreat in recent times, adding credence to the idea that humans may have tipped the balance. Many scientists say the last substantial warming in the region, peaking in the 1930s, mainly affected areas near Greenland and Scandinavia.
首先,從俄羅斯專家們很難找到記錄,阿拉斯加或其他地方指向這樣一個廣泛的北極冰撤退在最近時期,增加交易稅的觀點來看,人類可能已經打破了這種平衡。許多科學家說該地區去年大幅升溫,在1930年代達到頂峰,主要受影響地區附近的格陵蘭島和斯堪的納維亞。
13. Some scientists who have long doubted that a human influence could be clearly discerned in the Arctic』s changing climate now agree that the trend is hard to ascribe to anything else.
長期以來,一些科學家懷疑一個人的影響可能很清楚在北極的氣候變化現在認為,這一趨勢很難歸因於其他東西。
14. 「We used to argue that a lot of the variability up to the late 1990s was inced by changes in the winds, natural changes not obviously related to global warming,」 said John Michael Wallace, a scientist at the University of Washington. 「But changes in the last few years make you have to question that. I』m much more open to the idea that we might have passed a point where it』s becoming essentially irreversible.」
「我們曾經認為,大量的可變性,1990年代末被風的變化,誘導自然變化不明顯與全球變暖有關,」約翰·邁克爾·華萊士說,華盛頓大學的一位科學家。「但在過去的幾年裡變化讓你得問題。我更願意認為我們可能會通過一個變得本質上是不可逆轉的。」
15. Experts say the ice retreat is likely to be even bigger next summer because this winter』s freeze is starting from such a huge ice deficit. At least one researcher, Wieslaw Maslowski of the Naval Postgraate School in Monterey, Calif., projects a blue Arctic Ocean in summers by 2013.
專家說,冰撤退明年夏天可能會更大,因為今年冬天凍結的冰從如此巨大的赤字。至少一個研究員,Maslowski Wieslaw如此海軍研究生院的蒙特利,加州在2013年暑期項目藍色北冰洋。
16. While open Arctic waters could be a boon for shipping, fishing and oil exploration, an annual seesawing between ice and no ice could be a particularly harsh jolt to polar bears.
而開放北極水域可能有利於航運、漁業和石油勘探,冰和冰之間的年度波動可能是北極熊特別嚴厲的震動。
17. Many Arctic researchers warned that it was still far too soon to start sending container ships over the top of the world. 「Natural variations could turn around and counteract the greenhouse-gas-forced change, perhaps stabilizing the ice for a bit,」 said Marika Holland, of the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo.
許多北極研究人員警告說,它仍然是過早地開始發送集裝箱船在世界之巔。「自然變化可以轉身抵消greenhouse-gas-forced改變,也許穩定冰,」瑪麗卡•霍蘭德說,博爾德市國家大氣研究中心的科羅拉多州。
18. But, she added, that will not last. 「Eventually the natural variations would again reinforce the human-driven change, perhaps leading to even more rapid retreat,」 Dr. Holland said. 「So I wouldn』t sign any shipping contracts for the next 5 to 10 years, but maybe the next 20 to 30.」
但她補充說,這將不會持久。「最終自然變化將再次加強人為改變,可能導致更快速撤退,」荷蘭博士說。「所以我不會簽署任何運輸合同在未來5到10年,但也許未來20到30」。
19. While experts debate details, many agree that the vanishing act of the sea ice this year was probably caused by superimposed forces including heat-trapping clouds and water vapor in the air, as well as the ocean-heating influence of unusually sunny skies in June and July. Other important factors were warm winds flowing from Siberia around a high-pressure system parked over the ocean. The winds not only would have melted thin ice but also pushed floes offshore where currents and winds could push them out of the Arctic Ocean.
在專家討論細節,在很多人看來,今年海冰的消失的行為可能是由於疊加力量包括溫室雲和空氣中的水蒸氣,以及ocean-heating異常晴朗的天空在6月和7月的影響。其他重要的因素是溫暖的風從西伯利亞高壓系統周圍停在海洋。風不僅會融化的薄冰,也推動海上浮冰,水流和風可以推動他們從北冰洋。
20. The new NASA study of expelled old ice builds on previous measurements showing that the proportion of thick, rable floes that were at least 10 years old dropped to 2 percent this spring from 80 percent in the spring of 1987, said Ignatius G. Rigor, an ice expert at the University of Washington and an author of the new NASA-led study.
開除老冰的新的美國宇航局研究建立在先前的測量表明,厚的比例,持久的浮冰,至少10歲今年春天從2%下降到80%在1987年的春天,伊格那丟g .嚴格說冰華盛頓大學的專家和一個新的美國航天局的研究》的作者。
21. Without the thick ice, which can enre months of nonstop summer sunshine, more dark open water and thin ice absorbed solar energy, adding to melting and delaying the winter freeze.The thinner fresh-formed ice was also more vulnerable to melting from heat held near the ocean surface by clouds and water vapor. This may be where the rising influence of humans on the global climate system could be exerting the biggest regional influence, said Jennifer A. Francis of Rutgers University.
不厚冰,可以忍受幾個月的不間斷的夏季的陽光,更黑暗的水面,薄冰吸收太陽能,增加和延遲冬季凍結融化。越薄fresh-formed冰也更容易融化熱源附近舉行的海洋表面雲層和水蒸氣。這可能增加人類對全球氣候系統的影響能發揮最大的地區影響力,羅格斯大學的詹妮弗·a·弗朗西斯說。
22. Other Arctic experts, including Dr. Maslowski in Monterey and Igor V. Polyakov at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, also see a role in rising flows of warm water entering the Arctic Ocean through the Bering Strait between Alaska and Russia, and in deep currents running north from the Atlantic Ocean near Scandinavia.
Maslowski其他北極專家,包括博士如此在蒙特雷和伊戈爾訴Polyakov阿拉斯加大學費爾班克斯,也看到在上升流動的溫水通過白令海峽進入北冰洋的阿拉斯加和俄羅斯之間,並深陷電流運行從大西洋北部斯堪的納維亞半島附近。
23. A host of Arctic scientists say it is too soon to know if the global greenhouse effect has already tipped the system to a condition in which sea ice in summers will be routinely limited to a few clotted passageways in northern Canada.
許多科學家說北極還為時過早知道全球溫室效應已經把系統條件,海冰在夏季將通常僅限於幾凝結的通道在加拿大北部。
24. But at the university in Fairbanks — where signs of northern warming include sinkholes from thawing permafrost around its Arctic research center — Dr. Eicken and other experts are having a hard time conceiving a situation that could reverse the trends.
但在費爾班克斯大學——北部氣候變暖的跡象包括灰岩坑永久凍土融化北極研究中心- Eicken博士和其他專家們可能很難懷孕的局面是,扭轉趨勢。
25. 「The Arctic may have another ace up her sleeve to help the ice grow back,」 Dr. Eicken said. 「But from all we can tell right now, the means for that are quite limited.」
「北極可能有另一個她的看家本領,幫助冰重新生長出來,「Eicken博士說。「但我們現在可以告訴,手段十分有限。」