新標准大學綜合教程2答案
『壹』 求新標准大學英語綜合教程2 Unit6 Blowing the whistle on soccer的翻譯
Blowing the whistle on soccer揭足球的短
1 A French friend of mine got a big laugh at a dinner party recently with his account of the game of baseball: "Seven guys stand around in a field doing nothing while two of their teammates throw the ball back and forth."
我的一位法國朋友在最近的一次晚宴上說起棒球時哈哈大笑：「當兩個隊友在場上來回投球時，另外七個小夥子在邊上站著無事可做。」
2 I understand – it's hard to get excited about a foreign sport if you didn't grow up with it. Now I'm colliding with this same cultural barrier. The World Cup soccer tournament begins on June 9 and I will have no clue what's going on out there on the "pitch". It seems a good time to blow the whistle on the so-called beautiful game.
我知道，如果一個人不是從小就接觸某項外來的運動，他就很難對它感興趣。現在我正遭遇同樣的文化壁壘。6月9號世界盃足球賽就要開始了，而我對球員在「球場」上幹些什麼卻一無所知。看起來這是給這個所謂的精彩賽事揭短的一次大好機會。
3 I have been watching soccer for years and all I can see on the field is 22 grown men in shorts running around madly trying to kick the ball and tripping over each other. I guess the object is to get the ball into the net (also known as the goal), but if it ever gets close it looks like an accident.
我看足球也有好幾年了，我所看到的就是22個穿著短褲的成年人在場上瘋狂地奔跑，力爭踢到球，互相絆倒對方。我猜想他們的目的是要把球踢進網里（也叫球門），可是，如果不是碰巧的話， 球是很難靠近球門的。
4 What we have here, it would seem, is a game of chance.
看起來，我們現在談論的是一項靠運氣取勝的運動。
5 For an hour and a half, the field is a scene of sheer chaos as the ball sails back and forth and the fans hum some mournful tune reminiscent of "The Slaves' Chorus" from Nabucco. Neither team seems to be in control.
整整一個半小時，球場上一片混亂：球飛來飛去，球迷們在哼著一首悲傷的曲子，讓人想起《納布卡》里的「奴隸合唱團」。雙方隊員好像都失控了。
6 The scoring system says it all. Most finals are 0-0, 1-0 or 2-1, indicating that games tend to be stand-offs and it's a matter of luck to be ahead when time runs out. To put a good face on it, they call this tension or suspense.
記分法說明了一切：多數球賽都是以0–0、1–0或2–1結束，這意味著球賽結果傾向於平局，如果比賽結束時一方勝出了，那隻是因為他們運氣好。為了粉飾這種現象，他們稱這樣的比賽為「激烈」或「有懸念」。
7 Newcomers to soccer – mostly Americans – might wonder how many ways points can be scored. Besides kicking the ball it is permitted to whack it in mid-air with your head, which is not the best use of the cranium, as doctors will tell you.
足球新人——大多是美國人——或許不知道有多少種得分法。除了用腳踢球之外，在空中用頭頂球也是允許的。可醫生會告訴你，這可不是腦袋的最大用途。
8 To be honest, though, many goals are scored by the ball accidentally bouncing off random players who get in the way. The crowd loves these, especially when a defender's leg sends the ball – by chance, of course – into his own net.
老實說，很多進球是從某個無意中擋住球的球員身上反彈進球門的。觀眾喜歡這種進球，尤其是防守隊員——當然是偶然地——把球送進了自家的網內。
9 Goals are the best illustration of the chance nature of this game. Ninety per cent of goal shots (known as "chances" or, in hopeless cases, "half chances", or in France, opportunités) are either blocked or are so far off course that they soar deep into the stands.
射門最好地說明了這種比賽的碰運氣性質：90%的射門（被稱為「機會」，或在無望的情況下，稱為「半個機會」；在法國稱為opportunités）或被擋住，或因為射得太偏球直接飛上了看台。
10 If the ball happens to be aimed about right and slips through the forest of hairy legs, it's sheer luck. The shooter, or "striker", then takes full credit for this accident, peels off his shirt and sprints around in circles as four or five fellow players jump on his back to try to stop him and get his shirt back on.
萬一球碰巧瞄準了，穿過長滿毛的隊員的腿滑進球門，那純粹是運氣。射門的人，亦稱「前鋒」，會因為純屬偶然的進球而獨攬所有的贊譽，他會脫掉球衣，繞著圈猛跑，四、五個隊友會撲到他的背上阻止他，讓他穿上球衣。
11 The chaos resumes, the humming in the stands starts up again, and the clock slowly ticks away toward 90 long minutes.
接著又恢復了混亂，看台上的觀眾又開始哼歌曲，而計時器則在滴答聲中慢悠悠地走向漫長的90分鍾的盡頭。
12 Unlike baseball or basketball, precision ball-handling is not a top priority in soccer except perhaps for Thierry Henry and a couple of Brazilians. Let's face it, God never meant for most of us to control a ball with the feet while running at top speed.
足球與棒球或籃球不一樣，對足球來說准確的控球並不是最重要的，蒂埃里·亨利和幾個巴西球員例外。讓我們面對事實吧：上帝從未想讓我們大多數人在全速跑動時用腳來控制球。
13 Periodically a player gets an elbow in the face and goes down writhing. The clock stops while little men with black bags rush over and massage his phony-baloney injury, after which he jumps up good as new. The player who elbowed him gets something called a "yellow card", a mild reprimand.
時不時地會有球員臉上挨了一肘，躺在草地上痛苦地翻騰。這時會暫停計時，幾個提著黑包的小個子男人會跑過來為假裝受傷的球員按摩，然後他又活蹦亂跳地站起來。那位肘擊他的球員會得到一張叫「黃牌」的東西：一種溫和的懲戒。
14 How can you have a sport in which strategies and regulations are so obscure? Besides the mystery of "injury time", there is something called the "offside rule", which deems, roughly, that the striker cannot receive the ball unless at least two opposing players are ahead of him. Why not? This leaves everyone perplexed.
怎麼會有戰術和規則都如此模糊不清的運動呢？除了「傷停時間」之謎，還有那個被稱為「越位」的規則，大概是指除非有兩位對方球員在他的前頭，否則前鋒不能接隊友的傳球。為什麼不能呢？這讓所有的人都迷惑不解。
15 Not to worry – even professional commentators are at a loss for words. The BBC's voice of soccer, John Motson, notes that there is no "universal interpretation" of the offside rule. Imagine real football with no agreement on what "touchdown" means.
不必擔心——即便是職業解說員也往往對此感到語塞。英國廣播公司的足球名嘴約翰·莫特森認為對越位規則「不存在國際通用的解釋」。想想真正的足球（即美國人的橄欖球——譯注）對「持球觸地」沒有一致的解釋會有什麼後果吧。
16 Why does your typical soccer match seem so out of control? Simple. Only one referee is on the field, and he is responsible for keeping 22 hopped-up athletes in line. He allows no backtalk (for this, you get a "red card" and a shower) but most of the infractions – pushing, punching, tripping, kneeing, handballing – are committed when he isn't looking. But the fans see them, setting off more moans in the stands.
為何你們典型的足球比賽看上去如此失控呢？很簡單，因為球場上只有一名裁判，他要負責管束22名極度興奮的運動員。他不允許球員提出異議（否則就給球員一張「紅牌」，讓他沖個澡走人）。但是，大多數的犯規，如推人、出拳打人、使絆、用膝蓋頂人、手球都是在他看不到的情況下進行的。可是球迷都看見了，於是引發了觀眾席上更多的抱怨。
17 The mystery remains why so many people flock to see this game. I must be missing something.
有一個謎一直解不開：為什麼會有這么多人蜂擁前去觀看這項比賽呢？我一定是漏掉了什麼關鍵的東西。
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『叄』 新標准大學英語綜合教程2Unit8答案
第一題：
(3)新標准大學綜合教程2答案擴展閱讀
這部分內容主要考察的是時態版語態的知識點：權
表示不同時間發生的動作或存在的狀態，需要用不同的動詞形式表示。在英語語法中，「時「指動作發生的時間，」態「指動作的樣子和狀態。
一種動詞的形式，用來說明主語和謂語的關系。語態是動詞的一種形式，用以說明主語與謂語動詞之間的關系。英語的語態共有兩種語態：主動語態和被動語態。
表示"現在"經常或反復發生的動作或存在的狀態。常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week等時間狀語連用。
動作動詞的進行時與always,forever等連用，表示重復的動作，這種動作可能使人感到厭倦或不合情理，有時表示贊賞滿意。
『肆』 U校園新標准大學英語綜合教程2
Unit 6 The secret life of science
The integrated course
6-1 Active reading 1
Pre-reading activities
01、Bad luck refers to things happening in ways you do not want. An event in itself is not bad luck, but it could be bad luckto someone. My losing money is bad luck for me, but it may be someone else's good luck (if they dishonestly keep the money).
02、桐坦I guess it can. Once you have lost your job, for example, your family may break up, and you might fall ill from stress, and so on in a vicious spiral.
03、I've been very unlucky with my house recently first the bathroom flooded, then my key broke in the lock, and now the heating has stopped working. Also, I was unlucky yesterday. My bicycle got a puncture and I lost my favourite pen.
Exercises-1
01、A
02、B
03、A
04、B
05、D
06、A
07、B
08、A
Exercises-2
01、misfortunes
02、neutral
03、frequency
04、mathematical
05、extend
06、vulnerable
07、subsequent
08、局帶桐encountered
Exercises-3
01、bumped
02、overlapped
03、adjacent
04、situated
05、cluster
06、ration
Exercises-4
01、A
02、B
03、B
04、B
05、B
06、B
07、行棗B
08、B
09、A
6-2 Active reading 2
Pre-reading activities-1
01、Quite a number of them: anatomy (studying the body), astronomy (studying space), biochemistry, botany (studying plants), chemical engineering, cosmology (studying the universe), ecology (studying organisms and their environments), genetics (studying genes and variation), meteorology (studying weather), microbiology (studying viruses etc), nutrition, oceanography (studying the seas), pharmacology (studying medical drugs), radiology (studying radiant energy such as X-rays), seismology (studying earthquakes), systems analysis.
02、In fact none of them is easy to teach.
03、It is easier to learn a lot of scientific facts by reading about them, because it is faster and more practical than doing the experiments yourself. Of course, new scientific knowledge can only be discovered through experiments.
04、Yes, sometimes. But science fiction is generally for fun. It is not a good source of scientific knowledge.
Pre-reading activities-2
01、D
Exercises-1
01、B
Exercises-2
01、C
02、C
03、D
04、C
Exercises-3
01、C
02、E
03、A
04、D
05、B
Exercises-4
01、outdated
02、shifted
03、namely
04、depressing
05、explosion
06、dreadful
07、proposal
Exercises-5
01、revolve
02、inhabitants
03、generate
04、baffling
05、hurl
06、reckless
Exercises-6
01、A
02、A
03、B
04、B
05、A
6-3 Language in use
Grammar & structure-1
01、There is a possibility that the insurance won't pay you for this accident.
02、What happens to you isn't my responsibility.
03、I'm not sure of the suitability of this programme for you.
04、The calculation's complexity slowed me down.
05、Natural curiosity is a characteristic of many great thinkers.
06、I was surprised at the stupidity of her behaviour.
Grammar & structure-2
01、hands-free
02、alcohol-free
03、sugar-free
04、traffic-free
05、lead-free
Grammar & structure-3
01、When it comes to evaluating students' work, there are always some very difficult choices to be made.
02、When it comes to the examples of bad luck you spoke about, many of these seem to be rather unimportant.
03、When it comes to human psychology, we see that this is very closely related to physical health and well-being.
04、When it comes to learning an instrument like the piano or violin, a lot of patience and the ability to persevere are essential.
05、When it comes to non-scientific studies of good and bad luck, there are all sorts of fantastic theories.
Collocations
01、When it comes to evaluating students' work, there are always some very difficult choices to be made.
02、When it comes to the examples of bad luck you spoke about, many of these seem to be rather unimportant.
03、When it comes to human psychology, we see that this is very closely related to physical health and well-being.
04、When it comes to learning an instrument like the piano or violin, a lot of patience and the ability to persevere are essential.
05、When it comes to non-scientific studies of good and bad luck, there are all sorts of fantastic theories.
Translation-1
01、In August 2008, China's first high-speed railway, the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway, was opened, ushering China into an era of high-speed railway. In recent years, in addition to achieving a series of major innovations and breakthroughs in key technologies, China has also developed a world-class high-speed railway technology system with independent intellectual property. With its advanced technology, cost-effectiveness and successful operating experiences in high-speed railway, China is witnessing an increasing export of its high-speed railway technologies and related procts to many countries around the world. China's high-speed railway technology is finding its way in the world and is playing a positive role in promoting "the Belt and Road Initiative".
Translation-2
01、In August 2008, China's first high-speed railway, the Beijing-Tianjin Intercity Railway, was opened, ushering China into an era of high-speed railway. In recent years, in addition to achieving a series of major innovations and breakthroughs in key technologies, China has also developed a world-class high-speed railway technology system with independent intellectual property. With its advanced technology, cost-effectiveness and successful operating experiences in high-speed railway, China is witnessing an increasing export of its high-speed railway technologies and related procts to many countries around the world. China's high-speed railway technology is finding its way in the world and is playing a positive role in promoting "the Belt and Road Initiative".
6-4 Reading across cultures
Exercises-1
01、Maths and physics.
02、Skills of using words language learning, speaking, writing etc.
03、Tricky indeed I think one (the systemizing brain) the point about girls accepting their weakness (if that's what is meant) and the one about teachers concentrating on the boys seem to explain why more boys take science rather than why they are better at science.So I think only one reason is given that boys' brains are better adapted for science. The other points explain why science is less popular with girls.
04、An empathizing brain tries to understand other people's thoughts and emotions, while a systemizing brain wants to understand the rules which govern the behaviour of a system.
05、Girls.
06、They get better exam results than boys.
Exercises-2
01、This seems global, and China is no exception. Boys are in general better than girls at science in China.
02、Boys are traditionally good at subjects in science and technology, such as maths, physics and engineering. There is no known reason why this is so, but according to the passage, boys have systemizing brains, and this may be the reason.
03、Girls are traditionally good at arts, literature and language learning. Again, there is no known reason accounting for this. Maybe it is because girls have "empathizing" brains.
04、As a general trend, the situation has not changed. But we are seeing more girls take subjects traditionally dominated by boys, and vice versa.
05、Boys and girls may have different answers. Personally I think I have a brain that is kind of "empathizing". I have never been good at science maths, physics and so on. I even had difficulty passing exams in these subjects.
06、Psychologists, counsellors and people in the hospitality business all need to empathize with other people. I suppose computer programming and doing things like organizing transport networks would be examples of careers where a systemizing brain would be a big advantage.
6-5 Guided writing
Writing task-1
01、Simon Baron Cohen's theory about brain differences.
02、To make us pay particular attention to the word, and not allow the theory to prove too much.
03、That all girls have "empathizing" brains.
04、That girls do better at school.
05、One girls are opting for science subjects. Or three girls are opting for science subjects, probably because they want to study medicine, which is a caring, empathetic career.
06、Yes, it reinforces the first sentence of the paragraph and closes the paragraph neatly. No, its point is rather contradictory to other arguments in the passage, so we are left without a clear overall statement.
Writing task-2
01、Lots of people think that cookery is a suitable subject for girls. This may be true, but it doesn't mean all girls make good cooks. Nor does it imply that boys cannot cook great food. On the contrary, many of the great chefs in the top restaurants are male. We only have to think about Yi Yin back in the Shang Dynasty to see men have always been cooking well. And one of my male friends is the top chef at a five-star hotel. Lots of girls take cookery, but it does not mean they make the best cooks. In fact, many girls think of cooking only as a chore. This can be seen by the popularity of pre-prepared frozen and canned food. Men who cook are more likely to take a pride in the activity and aim to proce something special.
6-6 Unit test
01、rotates
02、reckless
03、atomic
04、extend
05、exert
06、response
07、aliens
08、notion
09、proposal
10、astronaut
11、generate
12、formula
13、inhabitant
14、giant
15、encounter
16、depressing
17、explosions
18、revolves
19、curse
20、simultaneous
21、with
22、up
23、on
24、from
25、from
26、up
27、to
28、at
29、back
30、up
31、L
32、J
33、F
34、G
35、O
36、D
37、K
38、H
39、N
40、E
41、argumentative
42、We just need a bit of patience and let science catch up to science fiction.
43、Many science-fiction authors are scientists.
44、Truth and Reality in Science Fiction.
45、Paragraph 4.
Further practice
6-7 Vocabulary
Exercises-1
01、F
02、B
03、G
04、E
05、H
06、A
07、D
Exercises-2
01、psychological
02、gravitational
03、controversial
04、technological
05、theoretical
06、marginal
07、conventional
08、chemical
Exercises-3
01、A
02、B
03、B
04、B
05、B
06、B
07、B
08、A
Exercises-4
01、absorb, bend, dip, roll, shift
02、accessible, confusing, normal, radical, simultaneous
03、ant, bend, data, dip, lung, roll, shift
Exercises-5
01、confusing
02、simultaneously
03、accessible
04、rolled
05、dip
06、bends
07、absorb
08、radical
Exercises-6
01、generate
02、proposed
03、exploded
04、depressing
05、apply
06、revolv
07、interpret
08、subsequent
Exercises-7
01、probability
02、responsibility
03、complexity
04、curiosity
05、possibility
06、suitability
07、stupidity
08、memorability
Exercises-8
01、A
02、B
03、C
04、A
05、B
06、C
6-8 Structure
Exercises-1
01、When it comes to different kinds of unlucky events, we can see that some are unluckier than others.
02、When it comes to analysing the data, we should be cautious.
03、When it comes to anecdotal cases of unlucky coincidences, we should treat them with some scepticism.
04、When it comes to descriptions of unlucky events, they can be interpreted in different ways.
05、When it comes to remembering unlucky events, we should remember that they are more memorable than neutral ones.
Exercises-2
01、What may be true is that females have empathizing brains and males have systemizing brains.
02、What Einstein proved is that spacetime is not flat but curved.
03、The physics students felt their tutor had explained very clearly what had been confusing them.
04、What is fairly easy to understand is that the collapse of a star creates a black hole.
05、Scientists desperately needed to discover what was the mechanical fault that had caused the problem.
06、What the filmmakers got wrong in Empire of the Ants was that they didn't understand that giant ants wouldn't be able to function well.
6-9 Reading
Reading 1-1
01、B
02、C
03、B
04、A
05、A
Reading 1-2
01、E
02、C
03、D
04、A
05、I
06、H
07、G
08、F
09、B
Reading 2-1
01、modern life
02、difficult to understand
03、understand scientific concepts
04、are often best-sellers
05、popular science books
06、universe started
07、genes
08、modern-day priests
Reading 2-2
01、A
02、A
03、B
04、B
05、A
06、A
07、B
08、B
09、A
6-10 Integrated skills training
Exercises-1
01、C
02、B
03、A
04、C
05、B
06、A
07、D
08、A
09、D
10、B
Exercises-2
01、One way of making chemical formulae easier to remember is to set them to music in songbooks.
02、A simulation of a rocket journey through space is used in a video game to explain relativity.
03、The most obscure scientific subjects are made accessible and fun by using cartoons.
04、Despite the fact that some of the films may be dreadful, they hide a lot of helpful messages.
05、Two simultaneous explosions cause the earth to be pushed towards the sun.
06、Even more confusing is the treatment of relativity in science fiction films.
07、The way ants get oxygen is by absorbing it through the tissues in their bodies.
08、It is more likely that an ant the size of a human would be gasping for breath.
Exercises-3
01、博爾特・泰勒的右半腦完好無損，盡管一開始感到了劇烈的疼痛，這位神經系統科學家卻覺得幸福無比，因為她的身體似乎與整個宇宙相連了。（Tips: 注意 in which 的變通譯法。）
02、這位科學家被迅速送進了醫院，她花了八年時間進行康復治療，終於完全恢復了左半腦的功能。她說在左半腦失去功能的那段時間里，她的內心極度平靜，沒有任何經驗感受，因為那是右半腦管的事。
03、不管怎麼說，那些不太懂現代科技中所蘊涵的科學概念的人（即大多數人）還是渴望了解它們。實際情況也是這樣的，科普書籍那種以簡潔明了的語言解釋艱深的科學概念的書常常是熱賣的暢銷書。（Tips: 注意 behind 的譯法；後一句翻譯時需拆分，同位語可用標點來處理。
04、這本有爭議的書對西方廣大讀者產生了巨大的影響。可以毫不誇張地說，霍金和道金斯（兩個人是好朋友）是當代的宗師，科學就是新的宗教，他們的暢銷書就是當代最權威的著作。
Exercises-4
01、Recently he experienced a succession of mishaps. Last weekend, he bumped the back of a car and paid a large sum of money for the accident; then his TV was broken and was in need of repair; and yesterday he was sacked by his boss. The series of misfortunes made him feel so unlucky that he decided to try his luck in the lottery.
02、The group is doing a research on how our perceptions of luck affect our life. The research shows that if our minds are negatively affected, we will get the impression that we were born unlucky and what happens to us is beyond our control, thus bad things will continue happening to us.
03、This is nothing but a lie. He leaps to this conclusion just because he is trying to lay the finger of blame on those who have for all these years worked day and night for the success of this project and escape his own responsibility for the failure
04、Virtual reality is a new information technique. In fact, virtual reality uses computer hardware and software to generate a simulation of an environment, such as a comfortable classroom, a breathtaking action and so on.
Exercises-5
01、谷歌無人駕駛汽車是靠一套設備運作的：安裝在車頂上的激光距離探測器可以生成周圍環境詳細的3D地圖，安裝在前後保險桿上的四個雷達可以望遠以便應對高速路上的極速車流，安裝在後視鏡旁的攝影機可以檢測到紅綠燈，另外還有全球衛星定位系統、慣性測量裝置和車輪角度編碼器，這些裝置可以確定車輛的位置及車輪軌跡。無人駕駛汽車的設計者希望智能汽車不但能改善交通狀況、提高交通效率，還能把車輛變成共享資源。如果需要用車，人們只要點擊智能手機，一輛自動駕駛汽車就會來接他們，把他們送到任何地方。但是這項技術在投入使用之前，設計者必須解決如何在雪地里行駛、如何應付道路上的各種突發狀況等問題。
Exercises-6
鏈接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/510e373b279d