新编大学英语unit8答案

① 新标准大学英语综合教程2Unit8答案

第一题：

(1)新编大学英语unit8答案扩展阅读

这部分内容主要考察的是时态版语态的知识点：权

表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需要用不同的动词形式表示。在英语语法中，“时“指动作发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和状态。

一种动词的形式，用来说明主语和谓语的关系。语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。

表示"现在"经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态。常和often, always, usually, sometimes, every day, once a week等时间状语连用。

动作动词的进行时与always,forever等连用，表示重复的动作，这种动作可能使人感到厌倦或不合情理，有时表示赞赏满意。

② 求新世纪大学英语视听说教程 4 第三版 unit 8 答案

第一题：

(2)新编大学英语unit8答案扩展阅读

这部分内容主要考察的是宾语从句的知识内点：

在主从复合句中充当容宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句是宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、动词现在分词、过去式、过去分词后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。

动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句时态：主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时。 主句用过去时，从句用过去某个时态。当为客观事实和科学真理时，从句为一般现在时。

宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether.that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句，而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句。

③ 外研社新编大学英语第四版课后答案

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14) hurried 15) warrant 16) strange Unit3 1. Understanding the Organization of the Text 1) Introction (para 1) It has been proven repeatedly that the various types of behavior, emotions, and interests that constitute being masculine and feminine are patterned by both heredity and culture. 2) There is a cultural bias in ecation that favors boys over girls. (para. 2-4) Supporting evidence A. Teachers called on males in class far more than on female students. (para 2) i) Its consequence: This has a tremendous impact on the learning process. ii) The reason for this: Active classroom participants develop more positive attitudes and go on to higher achievement. iii) Two examples: a. In many of the former all-women’ colleges, the boys were taking over the class-room discussions and active participation by women students had diminished noticeably. b. A similar subordination of female to male students has also been observed in law and medical school classrooms in recent years. B. Teachers assigned boys and girls different tasks according to stereotyped gender roles. (para. 3) i) Its consequence: This prevented girls from participating as actively as boys in class. ii) An example: A teacher had the little boys perform the scientific experiment while the girls were given the task of putting the materials away. C. Gender-biased ecation is also reflected in the typical American teacher’ assumption. (para 4) i) The assumption: Boys will do better in the hard, masculine subjects of math and science while girls are expected to have better verbal and reading skills. ii) Three examples: a. American boys do develop reading problems, while girls, who are superior to boys in math up to the age of nine, fall behind from then on. b. In Germany, all studies are considered masculine and it is girls who develop reading problems.
c. In Japan, where early ecation appears to be nonsexist, both girls and boys do equally well in reading. 3) The ecational bias begins at home. (para 5) A. Supporting evidence: i) Boy preschoolers were permitted to go away from home in a much wider area than girl preschoolers. ii) Boys were encouraged to develop intellectual curiosity and physical skills, while girls are filled with fears of the world outside the home and with the desire to be approved of for their goodness and obedience to rules. B. The consequence when these lessons carry over from the home to the classroom: Girls are generally observed to be more dependent on the teacher, more concerned with the form and neatness of their work than its content, and more anxious about being right in their answers than in being intellectually independent, analytical, or original. C. Conclusion: Through the ecational process that occupies most of the child’s waking hours, society reinforces its established values and turns out each sex in its traditional and expected mold. Vocabulary 1. 1) genetic 2) assign 3) noticeably 4) approved 5) Bias 6) deprived 7) constituted 8) participation 9) unintentional 10) postgraate 3. 1) C 2) D 3) A 4) E 5) B 6) C 7) F 8) B unit4 Reading Comprehension 1. 1) Introction(para 1) It is introced in the article how teachers and parents can encourage creativity in children. 2) An important strategy for parents and teachers to follow (para. 2-3) A. The strategy: To encourage children to spend time thinking and developing new ideas. B. The significance for adopting the strategy: If children can be taught to think creatively, they will be better able to function in tomorrow’s society. 3) The definition of creativity (para. 4-5) A. Who successful students and alts are: Those who can find a number of ways to approach problems.
B. What creative people can do: They can use what they have to proce original ideas that are good for something. 4) A big problem in school (para. 6) The problem: Children can obtain and give back information, but can’t figure out ways to apply what they know in new situations. 5) A new approach to teaching (para 7) A. The approach: Combining the basics with the activities where students must use their imaginations. B. How to do so: By asking questions and meanwhile praising their ideas and new thoughts. C. How to facilitate the process: To create an atmosphere in which there is no risk in being creative-- a place where wild ideas are honored and valued, never scorned or dismissed. 6) Things parents can do at home to encourage creativity (para. 8-10) A. To involve children in decision making. B. To help children to understand the consequences of various decisions. C. To encourage them to talk out loud about things they are doing. The reason for doing so: Talking out loud improves language skills and thinking skills. D. To show a sense of humor. The reason for doing so: Children can see creativity in its purest form. E. To give children choices from their earliest age. Examples: a. When they are very young, let them choose between two food items for lunch. b. B. When they grow older, let them decide how to use their time or spend their money. Vocabulary 3. 1) dismiss 2) consequences 3) promoting 4) applies 5) vital 6) scorned
7) conventional 8) original 4. 1) consciously 2) innovative 3) unconsciously 4) determined 5) Imagination 6) aware 7) control 8) created 9) extension 10) technique 11) vulnerable 12) unfolding 13) joyful 14) gain 15) Apply Unit5 新编大学英语第二版第四册第五课练习答案 Understanding the organization of the text 1) Introction (para. 1) Athletes are chosen to be role models, and they can choose only to be good or bad ones. 2) Athletes should be role models. (para. 2-5) The author’s arguments: A. Athletes should not refuse the responsibility of being a role model while accepting all the glory and the money that comes with being a famous athlete. (para. 2) B. I try to be a positive role model, but that doesn’t mean I am perfect. (para. 3) C. Qualities of a positive role model: (para. 4) a. He influences people’s lives in a positive way. b. He gives of himself in time or money to help those who look up to him. c. He displays the values like honesty and determination. D. Athletes cannot take the place of parents, but can help reinforce what parents try to teach their children. (para. 5) 3) People sometimes expect so much that some athletes don’t want to be role modes. (para. 6-7) A. Sometimes people put athletes on a pedestal. Example: I have had parents in Utah put my picture on the wall beside Jesus Christ. (para. 6) B. Constantly being watched by the public can be hard to tolerate at time
s. Example: 1: Negative publicity Michael Jordan received about gambling. 2. Ever since I played on the Dream Team, I can’t go anywhere without being the center of attention and I can’t even buy a motorcycle I really want. (para. 7) 4) Conclusion (para 8-9) The good things about being a role model outweigh the bad. A. It’s a great feeling to think you are part of the reason that a id decided to try to be good. B. But parents should remind their kids that there are no perfect human beings. C. Charles Barkley is a good role model. Vocabulary 2. 1) is bound to 2) follow their lead 3) goes too far/is going too far 4) take the place of 5) dropped out 6) have a fit 7) measure up to 8) look up to 9) Let’s face it 10) you name it 3. 1) outgrown 2) outdo 3) outwitted 4) outweigh 5) outlived

④ 新编大学英语第三版快速阅读第1册答案谁有

Book 1  Translation Exercises  
 
Unit 1 Translation 
1)  当我知道详细情况时，我意识到我不该在办公室发脾气。 (should not have done) 2)  我和鲍勃不是很熟，不过我们偶尔一起出去喝一杯。(occasional) 3)  会议应该在周二召开，但我们不得不推迟 (be supposed to) 
4)  我国政府采取行动使那个国家的所有中国人回到了祖国  ( take action) 
5)  包括周末在内，仅仅还有12天时间可以用来买圣诞礼物。     (including) 
6)  如果不立即采取行动，许多种野生动物就会因饥饿而死亡。     (without, hunger) 1) When I knew the details, I realized I shouldn’t have lost my tempers in the office. 
2) I don’t/didn’t know Bob very well, but we go/went out for an occasional drink together. 3) The meeting is supposed to taken place on Tuesday，but we have to put it off. 4）Our government took action immediately to bring all the Chinese in that country back to motherland. 
5） Including weekends, there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents. 6）Without immediate action, many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger.  
Unit 2 Translation  
1) 那首歌总是使她回想起在芝加哥度过的那个夜晚。(remind… of…) 2) 街角处刚巧有一位警察，我便向他问路。(happen to, corner) 3) 由于天气恶劣，今天所有去纽约的航班都延误了。(delay) 4) 谁有责任谁就必须赔偿损失。(whoever, responsible) 
5)回家后我发现公文包不见了，我肯定是把它落在宾馆的某个地方了。( must have) 6)当他在这所中学工作了30年时，学生人数已将增加到了2000多人。(by the time) 1) That song always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago.  
2) There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way.  3) All flights to New York today are/were delayed because of the bad weather.  4) Whoever is responsible will have to pay for the damage.  
5) When I got home I found my briefcase missing，I must have left it somewhere in the hotel.  6) By the time he had worked 30 years in the middle school，the number of students had increased to over 2000.   
Unit 3 Translation 
1) 除非你有经验，否则你得不到这份工作。(unless) 
2) 我把大部分时间花在研究中美文化的差异上了。(spend) 3) 这句话意思极清楚，决不会引起误解。(so„ that) 4) 他希望能够给予她比现在更多的帮助。(more than) 5)要记得邀请她来参加生日晚会，不然她会抱怨的。(or) 6)主任说：“你必须把购置设备的2500美元加到成本中去。”   (add„ to„)  7) 了解自己的长处、弱点以及所处的环境很重要。(be aware of) 
8) 如果你继续对每个人这么粗鲁，你很快就会发现自己什么朋友都没有了。(find oneself without) 
1） You won’t get the job unless you’ve got the experience. 

 
2 
2)  Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American culture. 4) The statement/sentence is so clear that it can’t cause any misunderstanding. 5) Remember to invite her to the birthday party，or she would complain. 
6) “You have to add $2,500 for equipment purchase / buying equipment to the cost,” said the director. 
7) It is important to be aware of your strengths and weaknesses and the environment you are in. 8) You will soon find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everybody  
Unit 4 Translation 
1.做出贡献的人太多了，无法一一提及！(far too) 2.半夜里那嘈杂声把我们弄醒了。(in the middle of) 
3.他不应该对我说的话表示生气，那仅仅是个玩笑而已。(nothing more than) 4.我们邀请了所有的朋友去野餐，但是由于下雨只来了其中的五位。(show up) 5.婚姻被视为一件严肃的事情。(view„ as) 
6.令我失望的是，这部电影并不像我期望的那么好。(live up to somebody’s expectations) 1）The indivials/people who have contributed are far too mention. 2）The noise woke us in the middle of the night. 
3）He shouldn’t have been angry at what I said. It was nothing more than a joke. 
4）We invited all our friends to the picnic but it rained and only five of them showed up.  5）marriage is viewed as a serious matter.  
6.) To my disappointment, the movie didn’t live up to my expectations.   
Unit 5 Translation 
1) 我过去常去看电影，但现在再也没有时间了。（used to） 2) 两个工人互相合作修理破裂的管子。（cooperate） 
3) 这是一种残忍的做法，应该马上停止。(… practice which…) 
4) 你的工作哪一方面最困难，哪一方面最有益？ (aspect，rewarding) 5)他以为自己已经解决了该问题，但情况并非如此。(the case) 6) 我会尽我所能帮忙，但我所能做的也很有限。(a limit to) 
1) I used to go to the cinema/movies a lot, but I never have the time now. 2) The two workers cooperated with each other to fix the broken pipe. 3) This is a cruel practice which should be stopped immediately. 
4) What aspect of your job/work is (the) most difficult, and what aspect is (the) most rewarding? 5)He thought he had already solved the problem, but that’s not the case. 6) I'll help as much as I can, but there is a limit to what I can do.  
Unit 6 Translation 
1) 艾丽丝的努力工作使她得到了一大笔奖金。 (bonus) (result in)   2) 飞机马上要起飞了，我们要系好安全带。(take off)  
3) 博物馆向公众开放的第一天，总共有20,000人前来参观。(a total of)  4) 事故调查组由10名专家组成，由一位副部长担任组长。 (consist of) 
5) 整个下午，他锁着实验室的门在里面做他的项目。 (project, with引导的独立结构)   

 3 
1) Alice’s hard work resulted in a big bonus for her.  
2) The plane is going to take off, and we have to fasten our safety belts.  3) As soon as I'm on board a ship I always feel sick. 
4) The accident investigation team consisted of 10 experts, with a vice minister as the team leader  5) 
All the afternoon he worked on his project in his lab with the door locked.   
Unit 7 Translation 
1) 我朋友说她会考虑向学校捐款。(consider，make donation) 2) 我建议他认真考虑一下，然后再作决定。(suggest) 3) 明天约翰很可能会来参加聚会。(be likely to) 
4) 仅有理论知识是不够的， 我们还要学会如何将理论应用于实践。(put into practice) 
5) 你本不应该再回到那幢还在燃烧的大楼，你有可能会被严重烧伤的。(shouldn’t have, might have) 
6) 我从来没有想过会有问题。(cross one’s mind) 
7）查尔斯（Charles）怕羞，不会主动结交朋友（take the initiative） 1. My friend said she would consider making a donation to the school. 2. I suggest he think carefully about it before he makes any decision. 3. John is very likely to come to the party tomorrow. 
4. It’s not enough to have only theoretical knowledge. We should learn how to put theory into practice. 
5. You shouldn’t have gone back to the burning building----- you might have been badly/ seriously burnt. 
6. It/The thought had never crossed my mind that there might be a problem. 7. 
Charles is shy and does not take the initiative in making friends.  
Unit 8 Translation 
1) 要进行长时间的谈判才能达成协议。(take place) 2) 电脑能储存大量信息。(a great deal) 
3) 
那个年轻人在24岁时就已经成为一家大公司的首席执行官。(by the age of) 4）这个老师知道他所有学生的名字。(by name) 5）警察最终成功破解了这个疑案。(succeed in) 
6）他喜欢各种体育运动，特别是篮球。(most of all) 7）他渴望面对面地见到他最喜爱的流行歌星。(face to face) 8）他们因为有共同的兴趣爱好而相爱。(fall in love, common) 
1）Lengthy negotiations must take place before any agreement can be reached.  2）A computer can store a great deal of information.  
3）By the age of 24, the young man had made himself CEO of a large company.  4）The teacher knows all his students by name.  
5）The police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery.. 6)  He likes all kinds of sports, but most of all, basketball. o 7）He is eager to meet his favorite pop star face to face. 
8）They fell in love with each other because they had common interests.  
Unit 9 Translation 

 4 
1) 演讲的主题已提早一星期宣布，而主讲人的名字却没有（宣布）。(in advance) 2) 居然还有学生在考试之前踢足球，这似乎令人难以置信。(incredible) 3) Auden先生是一个快乐的人，他从帮助别人之中获得乐趣。(derive) 4) 大多数人都已意识到需要减少能源消耗。 5) 首先，我欢迎你参加此次会议。(first of all) 
6) 我不习惯于这样的奢侈，这是在浪费金钱。(luxury) 7) 考试结果将在星期五下午张贴出来。(put up) 
8) 一些残酷的动物实验是以科学的名义进行的。(in the name of) 
1）The topic of the speech is announced a week in advance, but the name of the speaker is not.. 2）It seemed incredible that some students still played football before the exams. 3）Mr. Auden is a happy man who derives pleasure from helping others. 4）Most people are aware of the need to rece energy consumption. 5）I’d like to welcome you to the meeting. 
6)  I’m not accustomed to such luxury. It is a waste of money. 7）The results of the exam will be put up on Friday afternoon. 
8）Some cruel experiments on animals are carried out in the name of science..  
Unit 10 Translation 
1) 他在25岁以前从未独自生活过。(up until) 
2) 交通不便曾是导致饥饿的主要原因之一。  (lack of transportation)  
3) 使用现代农业机械， 人们能够耕种更多的土地并且更省力。(make…possible)  4) 这种对付晕船的药片只不过是安慰剂（placebo）罢了。(little more than)  
5) 我们的目标是减少对化学肥料的依赖， 实现可持续的农业发展。(sustainable)  6) 翻译时不应根据自己的好恶改变原文的意思。(alter)  1) Up to the age of 25, he had never lived alone.  
2) One of the main causes of hunger used to be lack of transportation. 
3) The use of modern farming machines makes it possible for people to cultivate more land with less labors. 
4) The pills to prevent sea-sickness are little more than placebo.  
5) Our aim is to rely less on chemical fertilizers and achieve sustainable development in agriculture.   
6）In doing translation, one should not alter the meaning of the original to suit one’s own taste/preferences.  

⑤ 求 全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3答案Unit1-Unit8 网盘资源

全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3答案Unit1-Unit8

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⑥ 21世纪大学实用英语综合教程1（第二版）unit7-unit8课后答案和翻译 在线等啊!!! 急求!!!

1.react 2.tense 3.recommended 4.destructive 5. perceive

6.emphasis 7.stirred 8.priority 9.attributed 10. stimulate

IV.

1. blow his top 2. Among other things

3. take charge of 4. put emphasis on

5. is attributed to 6. from my viewpoint

7. substituted low-fat oil for butter 8.cut down on

9. keep your audience in mind 10. out of control

V.

1.N 2.E 3.G 4.J 5.I 6.A 7.C 8.L 9.D 10.O

Word Building

VI.

1.endless 2. thoughtful 3. harmful 4. restless

5.beautiful 6.successful 7.fearless 8.joyful

VII.

realize privatize characterize socialize

nationalize economize normalize criticize

1.nationalized 2.criticized 3.normalized 4.economize

5.realized 6.socializing 7.privatized 8.characterizes

Sentence structure

VIII.

1.When you are studying abroad,misunderstandings can result from cultural differences, among ohter things.

2.Online learning requires, among other things, commitment and discipline to keep up with the flow of the course.

3.The research work was severely criticized for its poor management, among other things.

4.They discussed, among other things, the future of the oil instry.

5.The article shows, among other things, the negative effects of generation gap between parents and children.

IX.

1.The more often I practice, the better I play.

2.The higher we got up in the air, the colder it became.

3.The more carbon the steel contains and the quicker the cooling is,the harder the steel becomes.

4.The more I thought about his suggestion, the more doubtful I became.

5.The more he eats,the fatter he becomes.

Translation

X.

1.At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.

2.The more I learned about the nature,the more absorbed I became in its mystery.

3.The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new,interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.

4.The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.

5.By contrast,American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.

6.One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.

XI.

1.初了其他内容，他的研究还牵涉到发展中国家与爱滋病的斗争.

2.这些人明白了他们的服务越好,他们就挣得越多.

3.尽管父亲似乎忧虑不安,但苏珊感觉不到他在表情或行动上有什么变化.

4.能获得多少经济资助已成为学生选择上哪所学校的更重要的因素.

5.她已经减少了外出和买衣服的花费,但她还是没钱开始还债.

6.控制压力的方法之一是认识到生活中有很多事情是我们无法掌控的.

CLOZE

XII.

1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.D 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.B

Section B

Comprehension of the Text

II.

1. F 2.F 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.T

Vocabulary

III.

1.constant 2.ambition 3.consequence 4.evident 5. summarize

6.welfare 7.schele 8.attaining 9.loyal 10.indispensable

IV.

1. There isn't anything to do other than wait to see what will happen.

2. Althought Bill was going to the movies, he told Joe to the contrary.

3. I wonder who it was that defined man as a rational animal.

4. Traveling in that country isn't necessary expensive;you can find reasonably priced hotels and restaurants.

5. Janet tends to get angry if you bother her.

6. I would rather walk there than go by bus.

7. She was held for twenty days and at times she feared for her life.

8. He's been burning the midnight oil for a week now, getting ready for finals.

9. For many people the only possible way to escape from poverty is to move to other countries.

10. Born in Milan, he dropped out of university to devote himself to music.

<EBOOK> plutommi\mmi\eb81 </EBOOK> .txz .pbz

第八单元

Unit 8
Comprehension of the Text
I.
1. Today’s college beginners are more consumeristic and less at any time in the 17 years of the poll.
2. It is less important than being financially well off or successful.
3. Work is not the only thing they live for, and they are meant to do more.
4. To help students become aware of the meaning of life.
5. Ecation teaches us to see the connections between things as well as see beyond our immediate needs.
6. We can improve our moral sense by acquiring knowledge accumulated throughout the ages.
7. In the long run, ecation should be about teaching people how to distinguish right from wrong.
8. We ought to give our ability to our work but our genius to our lives.
Vocabulary
III.
1. render 2. contribution 3. popular 4.institutions 5.enrolled
6. diverse 7. accumulated 8. distinguish 9. puzzling 10. confine
IV.
1. His past record is certainly something he is proud of.
2. The members of the committee, after a two-hour discussion, finally arrived at a solution.
3. If we want to arrive there in time, we have to travel by day as well as by night.
4. I was shocked when I read of his death in a newspaper.
5. According to the police, the young man was arrested at the scene of the robbery.
6. There is nothing more frustrating than spending hours searching for information, only to discover the information useless.
7. It is unnecessary to worry a lot. In fact, things will get better in the long run.
8. My smile was meant to show interest in this trip, but Carla was far too intelligent to believe it showed anything of the sort.
9. The number of students who want to be enrolled in engineering courses is way up.
10. The little girl is so fond of her dog that she gives it a piece of chocolate every day.
V.
1. A 2. D 3. M 4. N 5. E 6. J 7. C 8. L 9. G 10. H
Word Building
VI.
1. weekly 2. attractive 3. worldly 4. costly 5. secondary
6. leisurely 7. earthly 8. customary 9. protective 10. progressive
11. sickly 12. momentary 13. manly 14. orderly
VII.
1. backward(s) 2. strangely 3. outward(s) 4. unfortunately
5. homeward(s) 6. originally 7. sadly 8. inward(s)
Sentence structure
VIII.
1. On no account will they give up the plan.
2. Little does he know much his parents love him.
3. Not until he read the report did he realize what a serious mistake he had made.
4. Hardly could the poor old man fall asleep with a pain in his leg.
5. Under no conditions will we give in to their demands.
IX.
1. While I agree it is a tough problem, I don’t think it cannot be solved.
2. While Sara cannot come to help us, she will give us some suggestions.
3. While people admit pollution is very serious, few are willing to take measures.
4. While it’s raining hard now, it will clear up anytime.
5. While it is true we need money badly, we cannot steal it.
Translation
X.
1. Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.
2. While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue.
3. I think the police are meant to protect people.
4. I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.
5. At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.
6. If only I hadn’t said those silly words! I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.
XI.
1. 五年前我几乎不会想到今天我会与这么多来自世界各地的学生坐在一起学习英语。
2. 虽然这些职位给你带来荣耀和权力，但是它也赋予你巨大的责任。
3. 从长远来看，粮食生产和人口增长之间的竞争难以轻易解决。
4. 有时我们发现，自己爬上了成功的阶梯，却发现阶梯靠在错误的墙壁上。（即：我们爬上去了，却发现不是自己真正追求的东西。）
5. 新计划的目的是让年轻人快速走上管理岗位。
6. 这个年轻人志向高远，非常希望能有所成就，让父母为他骄傲。
Cloze
XII.
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. A
11. C 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D 16.B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20.A
XIV.
There has been a sad tendency among youngsters in valuing material things more and more. For college students, the most popular subjects that they prefer to choose are accounting, computer programming, business, etc. When they graate from colleges, the jobs they prefer to choose are sales representative, advertisement designing, international business, etc. Fewer and fewer people are choosing teaching or social services as their life career.
Section B
Comprehension of the Text
II.
1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. F 8. F
Vocabulary
III.
1. eliminate 2. displayed 3. implicit 4. promotion 5. motivated
6. prospect 7. constructed 8. civil 9. preference 10. absence
IV.
1. Correct form: in particular; synonym: especially/particularly
2. Correct form: in short; synonym: in brief
3. Correct form: are committed to; definition: promise to do (sth.)
4. Correct form: based … on; definition: use… as a basis
5. Correct form: By/In comparison; synonym: compared to
6. Correct form: at large; synonym: as a whole; in general
7. Correct form: happy with; synonym: satisfied with
8. Correct form: associated with; synonym: connected with
9. Correct form: ground to a halt; definition: graally stop
10. Correct form: protect… from; synonym: defend… from

⑦ 急求新编大学英语第二册课后翻译答案，包括translation practice答案翻译！拜谢

Unit One
1.He walked slowly because of his broken leg.
2.Despite his serious illness, he attended the meeting.
3.He saw to it that the same mistakes would not happen any more.
4.Now that they know each other much, they could get along well.
5.I found myself surrounded by five or six boys at this time.
6.On the happy occasion, I give my best wishes to you.

Unit Two
1.I went to the dentist to have my bad teeth pulled out.
2.The development of thing is depend on the internal causes.
3.All roads lead to Rome.
4.I intended to give you the book, but I forgot to take.
5.I was on the verge of accepting his suggestion.
6.We can't take divorce lightly.

Unit Three
1.Lack of confidence contributes to his failure.
2.In the face of severely diease, he showed great courage.
3.We come to a conclusion that shi is telling the truth.
4.His secreary failed to tell him about the meeting.
5.Learning a language is not only a matter of memorizing words.
6.Once she comes to some decision, on one can hold her back.
7.It is difficult to live up to the standard made by our captain.
8.The scientist refers to this discovery as the most exciting new development in this field.

Unit Four
1.All that I can say is that we are so sorry.
2.In many cases, rules alone will not work.
3.Because of his intelligence and diligence, he's highly likely to succeed.
4.She stared at me, as if she didn't know me.
5.It is reported that three people were injured in the accident yesterday.
6.I was angry the way he treated me.
7.The patient is much the same this morning as he was yesterday.
8.I want to stay at home rather than go out tonight.

Unit Five
1.You will see what I say will come true.
2.The lecture was so boring that half of students fell asleep.
3.Unemployment is tied up with the development of technology.
4.His appearance change so greatly that you may well not recognize him.
5.The history of castle can date back to 14 century.
6.She never did anything for them, whereas they have done anything they could for her.

Unit Six
1.We regard him as one of the most excellent players in this match.
2.The scientist picked those small stones up, and put them into a box carefully.
3.The population of China is almost five times as big as that of America.
4.The reason why grass is green was ever a mystery to the little boy.
5.She was standing by a window, apparently very calm and relaxed.
6.Recently, as a result of sales volume drop down, profits have declined.
7.She wears darkglasses as a protection against the strong light.
8.Through that things, peple will no longer believe him.

Unit Seven
1.If you sing the song for several times, the children can pick up lyrics of it.
2.We try our best to assure the nervous old man that plane taking is safe.
3.The inadequate supply of vitamin A can lead to night blindness.
4.I can use computers, but when it comes to repairing computers, I know nothing.
5.Many a mother try to make their dreams come true on their daughters.
6.The nasty weather discouraged people from attending the parade.
7.I gave him some pills to ease his pain.
8.This job involves going abroad for three months every year.

Unit Eight
1.I think I should piont out how dangerous it is.
2.Their opinions can not affect my decision.
3.When it comes to modern art, few people know more than Tom.
4.When someone asks her, she confirms she will retire.
5.The cough medicine tastes nice, but it doesn't me any good.
6.If we couldn't sell out more goods, we have to cut back on proction.
7.The film is all but three hours.
8.I assure you my story is true, lest someone feel strange.

Unit Nine
1.You should arrange things well prior to your setting off.
2.This behavior may result in the manager's being fired.
3.Our procts could compete with those of other factories in terms of quality, reliabilty, especially varity.
4.Because of the heavy rain, the performance of the team was affected a lot.
5.I can appreciate the reason why you are against this suggestion.
6.To some extent, she should be responsible for this accident.
7.The thought that life is too comfortable, makes me deeply upset.
8.Women tend to live longer than men.

Unit Ten
1.We can go to the performance at 7o'clock or 8o'clock whichever suits you best.
2.People always think that men are stronger, but most women know the fact is reverse.
3.He was sentenced for five years, but he was released after two years in the jail.
4.You look equally nice on both the clothes, I don't know which one to advice.
5.This candidate has an impressively diverse range of interests and rich experiment.
6.The child suddenlly let go of her hand and run to the opposite side of the road.
7.In a great degree, the result of match depends on the judge's opinions.
8.I'm tired of telling you what I should do all the time.

⑧ 新编大学英语第二版第二册第八单元课文翻译

基因、环境与双胞胎 遗传与环境究竟哪一个影响更大呢？从某种程度上讲，一个人生来具有的潜力将决定他一生的作为。因此遗传即命运，是命中注定的东西。然而，基因并不是在真空中发挥作用的；一旦我们开始认识到基因在个人发展中所起的作用，我们就会明白，没有与其相互作用的环境，就不可能有任何个人的发展。没有一个特点是完全由环境或者完全由基因造成的。遗传和环境的相互影响在同卵双胞胎中最易观察到。大多数的同卵双胞胎是在一起抚养长大的，因而无论在外表还是行为上都惊人的相像。这些实例说明，若在同样的环境中抚养长大，具有相同基因的个体就会以几乎同样的方式对环境做出反应。但这些例子并不能说明如果把这些同卵双胞胎分开抚养会发生什么情况。对分开抚养的同卵双胞胎已进行了许多研究。被研究的这些双胞胎都生活在美国，成长的自然环境几乎相同，并且具有几乎相同的营养史。因而，正如所料，他们在外表、身高和体重上极其相似。但也有例外：一对双胞胎中的一个患了相当严重的疾病而另一个却没生病；但是总体而言，同卵双胞胎，甚至从婴儿时就分离的同卵双胞胎，在心理和身体上会如此相似，给每个人留下了深刻的印象。在对从一出生就分离的19对双胞胎的研究中，研究者发现，其中约三分之二的双胞胎之间的差异与一起长大的双胞胎之间的差异一样不明显。这有力地说明了基因的影响力和环境作用的局限性。然而，必须记住的是，尽管被研究的同卵双胞胎生活在不同家庭里且相距甚远，但总体而言，那些家庭的环境基本上没有什么差异。人们通常都会千方百计地将每个孩子安置在和他自己原来的家庭背景相同的家庭里，因而发现这些双胞胎成长中有不少相似之处就不足为奇了。但是在那些分开抚养的双胞胎的生长环境有较大差异的实例中，双胞胎之间的差异就很大了。下面的例子说明了在对比度很大的环境中成长的同卵双胞胎的情况。格拉迪斯和海伦出生于俄亥俄州的一个小镇，在大约18个月大时被分开抚养。她们直到18岁才再次相遇。海伦被领养了两次。由于她最初的养父母靠不住，两年后海伦又被送回到孤儿院。过了几个月，她再一次被住在密歇根东南部的一对农场主夫妇领养。此后25年她一直住在那里。她的第二个仰慕尽管本身没受过什么教育，却下决心要让海伦得到良好的教育；海伦最终大学毕业，教了12年的书，26岁时结婚，并有了一个女儿。格拉迪斯被加拿大的一个列车乘务员及其妻子领养。她读三年级的那一年，全家搬到了加拿大落基山脉一带一个相当偏僻的地方，那儿没有学校，格拉迪斯的正是教育也就此结束，知道全家搬到安大略省后才得以继续。于是格拉迪斯就呆在家里干家务，一直到她17岁，随后在一家针织厂工作。19岁那年她去了底特律，找到了一份工作，21岁时结了婚。海伦在儿童和成年时期都一直比格拉迪斯健康，但除了这一点以及各自所受的教育不同之外，她们的生活环境十分相似。她们的体重、身高、发色和牙齿都十分相似。她们之间的区别显然与她们各自的社交生活不同有关。 海伦自信、举止得体、充分利用了她外表的优势，在社交中也显得很从容、有修养。格拉迪斯则害羞、忸怩、沉默寡言，缺乏迷人或优雅的风度。一位研究她们的科学家曾经说过：“这两个双胞胎之间的悬殊差异真可谓是大学教育的颇有说服力的广告。” 考虑到她们在环境方面的经历的本质不同，海伦和格拉迪斯之间的差异也就不足为怪了。由于心理特点在很大程度上取决于经历，可想而知心理特点也反映经历。另一方面，那些不易受环境影响的特点更有可能在同卵双胞胎中表现出高度的相似性。尽管基因十分重要，但是基因本身绝不能完全决定任何一个特点。我们的能力会达到什么程度由基因注定，而我们真正做了什么则主要由环境决定。 科学再次关注双胞胎 如果你对双胞胎感兴趣的话，那么双胞胎镇会使你着迷。从1976年起的每个夏天，这个位于俄亥俄州克利夫兰郊外的小镇都会挤满众多的双胞胎。去年夏天，有2356对双胞胎从世界各地来到这里，参加并观看游行、焰火、魔术表演、五公里赛跑以及100多项的比赛：评选出年纪最大的、年纪最小的、最像的、最不像的，以及两人相加笑起来嘴咧得最大的双胞胎。你要是去过那儿的话，你可能会注意到有很多科学家也参加了这个盛会。有些科学家是来寻找引起疾病的缘由——例如皮肤病、癌症、心脏病。另外一些科学家则对双胞胎自身的感受感兴趣。但是在所有的科学家中，从事最重要的——也是最有争议的——工作的是这样一些科学家，他们专门研究先天遗传和后天培养这个由来已久的问题，即研究我们是如何发展成现在这个样子的。为什么我们有些人精通数学或擅长写作，而另外一些人则在艺术或篮球上出类拔萃？是什么造成了我们在智力、才能和品味上的差异？这些主要是由我们从父母那里继承来的基因（先天遗传）决定的吗？同我们的生活经历（后天培养），也就是我们成长的社会环境又有多大关系呢？如果你是一个对这个问题感兴趣的科学家，你难道不想研究一下同卵双胞胎吗？想一想，从同一受精卵发育出来了两个人。也就是说，两个人有完全相同的基因。同卵双胞胎之间存在的任何不同都只能是他们成长环境不同的结果。但是你能说他们之间的任何相同点都是基因相同的缘故吗？不一定吧。记住，大多数双胞胎都有相似的成长环境——同样的房子，同样的饮食，同样的亲戚等等。研究在不同环境下抚养的同卵双胞胎，或许是你能准确衡量先天遗传和后天培养所起的作用的唯一方法。在过去的10年间，由心理学家小托马斯·J·布沙尔带领的一组科学家研究了大约65对分开抚养的同卵双胞胎。他们还研究了大约45对分开抚养的异卵双胞胎。科学家们把每对双胞胎带到明尼苏达大学进行为期一周、深入细致的检测。小组里的医生和牙医们给这些双胞胎进行了全面的体检。他们记录了双胞胎的身高、体重、眼睛颜色、耳朵的形状和头围。同时，心理学家们还对双胞胎进行了智商和性格测试。为了测试性格，心理学家们设法测定了：双胞胎们对事情担忧的程度，他们是谨慎型的还是鲁莽型的，以及他们的创造力如何。他们根据双胞胎们对一些陈述的回答来衡量这些方面以及其他一些性格特征，这些陈述包括“我很少鲁莽行事”，“木柴燃烧的火焰激发我的想象力”等。一周结束时，每个双胞胎都回答了大约15000个问题。布沙尔小组对分开抚养的双胞胎之间的相似之处感到非常吃惊。例如他们的手势和姿势经常很相似，真是令人惊奇。在照片上，很多双胞胎摆出的姿势几乎一模一样。有些同卵双胞胎还发现他们的生活方式极其相似。“吉姆兄弟”是布沙尔研究的第一对同卵双胞胎，他们出生四周后就被不同的家庭领养。他们都在俄亥俄州长大，彼此相隔45英里。当他们在39岁重逢时，发现了一系列惊人的相同之处：两个人都叫吉姆，都开同一型号的蓝色雪佛兰，都喜欢做木工，都有啃手指甲的习惯，养的狗都叫“Toy”。两个人都有傍晚头痛的毛病，都是在18岁时开始的。在吉姆兄弟之间所发现的相同点在明尼苏达小组研究的双胞胎身上都普遍存在的。有些对明尼苏达小组研究工作持批评态度的人说“这些巧合没什么可奇怪的”。他们认为每个人的生活里都有很多的细节，因此必然会有巧合。而且，对于异地抚养的同卵双胞胎之间发现的任何一个巧合，持怀疑态度者都能指出大量未被发现的不同点。同一对双胞胎可能有不同型号的电视机，支持不同的足球队。但不同点是不会被报道的，因为它们不会使人吃惊。但是除了巧合之外，明尼苏达的科学家们收集并分析了有关双胞胎的健康、智力和个性方面的大量数据。布沙尔认为，有关异地抚养的同卵双胞胎的数据清楚地显示了：先天遗传，即我们所继承的基因，对我们的生活有显著的影响。该小组发现，这些同卵双胞胎在身高、指纹和心率等生理特征方面极其相似。成年的同卵双胞胎还往往有相似的病史，例如同时得了青光眼。明尼苏达小组报告说智力似乎也更受基因的影响而不是环境。尽管由不同的家庭抚养长大，布沙尔小组研究的同卵双胞胎在成人智力测验中所得的分数完全相同或几乎相同。但是最令人吃惊的是，明尼苏达小组发现基因对于个性的形成起着重要作用，例如，会决定我们是尊重传统、循规蹈矩，还是会成为坚定的离经叛道者。根据布沙尔的看法，你与生俱来的基因对你是否自信、快乐、乐观或者对世界上的事是否持消极态度有很大影响。明尼苏达小组的一位心理学家南希·西格尔说：“这项研究令人信服地表明：基因影响人们行为的每个方面。”另一些科学家不同意这个说法。他们质问：既然光是对智力的定义就多种多样，你们又怎么能够去研究智力是否是遗传的呢？他们认为同样的问题也存在于其它的性格特征中。布沙尔本人表示了这样的观点：即使是他所研究过的最相似的双胞胎也是彼此不同的。因此即便基因对我们的生活有很大的影响，它们也不是唯一起影响作用的因素。我们的日常经历也有助于塑造我们。你知道这意味着什么：为了考试，你还得学习！ 父母健谈，孩子聪明 “具有代表性的”家长在孩子出生之后最初的几年中是如何与孩子交谈的，就这一问题有一项详尽的研究，并已获得了大量的富有价值的数据和一些具有重要社会意义的初步发现。 父母与9个月到3岁大的孩子的交流在性质和范围上有着显著的阶级差异。这种差异的结果是：白领家庭的孩子智力有显著的提高，蓝领家庭的孩子智力有所提高，而在（依靠）福利救济（维持生活）的家庭中，孩子（在智力方面）得到的帮助少得令人担忧。这项研究的两位合作负责人是堪萨斯大学的杯底·哈利和阿拉斯加大学的托德·里斯利。他们认为父母与之交谈很大的小孩同父母与之交谈很少的小孩相比，在日后的智力测验中得分要高的多。 “父母与他们的小孩交谈越多，对以后小孩的智力发展越有好处，”里斯利说。“但是，家长行为中存在的这种巨大的阶级差异使我们感到震惊，它表明靠福利救济的家庭中的孩子所面临的问题靠每周上几小时海德思达举办的幼儿教育课是无法克服的。” 上周在多伦多举行的美国心理学协会的年会上，哈特和里斯利报告了对堪萨斯城地区42户人家的观察结果。 早先关于环境和基因对个人和种族群体的智商和智力潜能的相对影响就已经争论得很激烈了，哈特和里斯利的这一研究又激化了这一争论。两年半的调查以及随后三年中研究者们对大量的观察资料——文字的和磁带记录的——所进行的分析为争论中的环境因素这一方增加了新的内容。 哈特和里斯利研究的家庭都很正常，没有出现类似虐待儿童或精神疾病等严重问题。在13个职业家庭中，父母双方至少有一人属于白领阶层；23个工人家庭中，父母所做的工作包括电工和管道工等；有6个家庭主要靠福利救济维持生活。这些家庭还代表了相当广泛的种族和民族群体；有8个是单亲家庭。家庭中孩子数目也从1个到7个不等。 受过训练的观察者们从每家选择一个小孩，从这个孩子9个月大时，每两个月花一小时用录音和文字记下这期间孩子在家庭里的全部交流情况。观察者们只关注这个孩子以及与之谈话、交流的人。他们从不向父母提任何建议，即使被问到也不说。 里斯利说，每家的父母与孩子谈话，随着一个月又一个月的时间推移，呈现出富有特色的层次。总体说来，职业家庭的父母最健谈；他们每小时对孩子说的话几乎是工人家庭父母的两倍，是福利救济家庭父母的四倍。 所有家庭的父母都倾注了几乎同样的精力看管孩子，不让他们有麻烦和危险。但是那些跟孩子说话最多的父母，在与孩子的交流中又加入了至关重要的因素，例如对孩子做出的努力予以肯定和支持，回答孩子提出的问题，给孩子提供指导以及使用丰富的词汇。经常与父母进行高水平交谈的小孩在他们3岁时进行的智力状况测试中表现得格外出色，即使把社会经济和其他因素都考虑进去结果也是一样。9岁时进行的后续调查表明，这些孩子在智商上仍然保持优势。 纽约城市大学的心理学家弗朗西斯·D·霍洛维茨认为，虽然基因能影响人的智力，但是新的数据却显示，父母与孩子交谈的方式以及表达对孩子在学习上的期望的方式也会对孩子的智力发展产生很大的影响。霍洛维茨说：“这份不同寻常的报告卖出了很有意义的一步，使人们对正常儿童的发展有了更好的理解。”