新编大学英语四课文翻译答案

❶ 新编大学英语答案

p13
1.I'm tired,I should not have gone to bed so late last night.
2.I don't/didn't know Bob very well,but we go/went out for an occasional drink together.
3.We are supposed to meet her at the train station.
4.You could clearly see people drowning,but/and yet you took no action to save them.
5.Including weekends,there are only twelve more days to buy Christmas presents.
6.Without immediate action,many kinds of wild animals would die from hunger.
P47
1.That songs always reminded her of the night spent in Chicago.
2.There happened to be a policeman on the corner,so I asked him the way.
3.All flights to New York today are delayed because of the bad weather.
4.Whoever is responsible willl have to pay for the damage.
5.I can not find my checkbook ,i must have left it at home.
6.By the time ,the football match was going to start ,the storm had already stopped.
p68
1.A young man came to the check-in counter and asked if his briefcase had been turned in.
2.He looked over my shoulder at the conveyer belt and shouted that he had seen his briefcase going through the opening at the end of the conveyor belt.
3.Unfortunately,his briefcase had already been loaded on one of the flights.
4.I assured him that we would calll him as soon as we found his briefcase.
5.To our great surprise ,the young man said that he had already found his briefcase in his car .
P81
1.You won't get the job unless you have got the experience.
2.Most of my time is spent studying the differences between Chinese and American cultures.
3.The statement/sentence is so clear that it can't cause any misunderstanding.
4.He wishes he could give her more help than what he does now .
5.Put on your coat ,or you will catch a cold .
6.She has added a picture of Picasso to her collection.
7.I am not aware of ever having been here before.
8.You will soon find yourself without any friends at all if you keep on being so rude to everybody.
P103
1.First,you must be aware that feeling nervous is very normal in a strange environment./It is quite normal to feel nervoust in a strange environment.
2.Our thoughts can race a long several times faster than most people speak.
3.In order to get other’ attention, you must learn how to be a good and sympathetic listener.
4.One of the essential points is that you should try to broaden your horizens.
5.The sense of humor is of use/help.Telling a joke about yourself sometimes can lighten the conversation.
6.Only when you are willing to talk and listen attentively,can/will you succeed in making friends with the people around you.
P117
1.It’s far too hot in the room,open the window,please!
2.The noise woke us up in the middle of the night.
3.he should have been angry at what I said.It was nothing more than a joke.
4.We invited all our friends to the picnic but it rained and only five of them showed up.
5.She views marriage as a serious matter.
6.To my disappointment ,the movie didn’t live up to my expectations.
P153
1.I used to go to the cinema/movies a lot,but I neer have the time now.
2.The two workers cooperated with each other to fix the broken pipe.
3.this is a cruel practice which should be stopped immediately.
4.What aspect of your job/work is(the)most difficult,and what aspect is(the)most rewarding?
5.Some people think he is rude,but that’s not the case.
6.I’ll help as much as I can,but there is a limit to what I can do.
P190
1. Her hard work resulted in a big bonus for her.
2. Children were watching the planes take off and load.
3. As soon as I’m on board a ship I always feel sick.
4. A total of 20000 people visited the museum on the first day when it was open to the public.
5. The committee consists of scientists and engineers.
6. I wouldn’t dare to go home with the job unfinished.
P221
1. We are considering selling the house.
2. I suggest he wait a while before he makes an decisions.
3. John is very likely to come to the party tomorrow.
4. We’d like to know the reason why she didn’t accept the job.
5. You shouldn’t have gone back t the burning building,you might have been badly/seriously burnt.
6. It/The thought had never crossed my mind that there might have be a problem.
P257
1. World warⅡtook place in 1945.
2. My grandfather drinks a great deal.
3. He was still working by the age of 65.
4. The teacher knows all his students by name.
5. The police have finally succeeded in solving the mystery.
6. He likes all kinds of eports,but most of all,basketball.
7. Talking on the phone is different from talking face to face.
8. They fell in love with each other because they had common interests.
P291
1. The topic of the speech is announced a week in advance,but the name of the apeaker ia not.
2. It seemed incredible that some students still played football before the exams.
3. Mr.Auden is a happy man who derives pleasure from helping others.
4. Two Americans shared last year’s Nobel Prize for Medicine.
5. First of all I’d like to welcome you to the meeting.
6. I’m not accustomed to such luxury.It’s a waste of money.
7. The results of the exam will be put up on Friday afternoon.
8. Some cruel experiments on animals are carried out in the name of science.
P330
1. The best way to lose weight is to avoid eating fatty foods.
2. One of the main causes of hunger used to be lack of transportation.
3. Wasteful packaging will add to the price of food/food price.
4. Economic reform would not be successful without the development of agriculture.
5. The farmers will grow more cash crops next year instead of grains.
6. At present,there are still places in the world where farmers make use of animal labor.

❷ 求外研社新编大学英语4,134567单元课后after-class reading的2篇课文的翻译 ,急急急！

哇,我喜欢这样做
1我在16岁的时候我开始感兴趣。我看到一个电视广告中,两个人开始抛来回罐冰冻的橙汁在杂耍的模式。
2哇,我喜欢这样做!我想象着自己鼓掌的观众前表演。
3脂肪的机会。即使我知道如何处理,我吓得半死,站在观众面前。但后来发生了一个奇怪的巧合,这种事祈祷让你觉得这是一个答案,即使你没有祷告。几天后,我的哥哥,杰夫,和我拜访一些朋友当我的年龄的男孩说,“嘿,你应该看看我弟弟学会了做什么。“他带我到他哥哥的房间,年长的男孩被显示杰夫如何兼顾高尔夫球。
4“我也想学,”我说。
5在任何时候我完全被迷住了。虽然我放弃了很多球,我吃惊的是我如何轻松地流行起来。首先,我只是在空中扔一个球从一个手到另一个。然后我试着两个球,一个从每只手,让他们通过在空气中。
6最后我准备三球。模式很简单:我两个高尔夫球在我的右边,一个在左边。扔一个球从我的右手在空中,我等待着,直到它到达山顶的弧。然后从我的左手,我扔球,两个球互相传递。一下来之前,我送球,一直在我的右手。我把球扔,来来回回,来回。当我掉了一只,我从头开始。晚上我可以10年底前将下降一个球。
7这是一个挑战,我必须完美的这种能力。第二天,我有三个网球和练习前20将在车库里,直到我可以放弃一个球。我练习。我想要在电视上那些家伙一样好。
8我得到了更好的,我开始添加技巧,扔球,一个经过其他球的顶部,或者其他人,我弹一头或肘部和仍然保持模式。
9有趣的是,我以为我是所有这些技巧。但是有一天,我在图书馆发现了一本关于杂耍,还有所有的技巧我正在做!基本three-ball模式是一个级联,杂耍球在一个圆圈是一个淋浴,和扔一个球是一个狂潮。
10我买了一套在俱乐部,和我的父母给我买了一套在环。我进行我的家人和一些朋友,但我从没想过自己是一个快乐的人。娱乐意味着起床在观众面前。不可能的!我不能这样做。
11然后五年后,当我21岁时,我的母亲叫我一边圣诞节期间的某一天,说:“丹,你想如何处理今年救世军晚餐吗?“过去两年妈妈和她的老板帮助年度晚宴。
12“将会有其他娱乐,”她急忙补充。“所有你需要做的就是站在礼堂的一侧,兼顾在吃饭。”
13个圣诞节前两天,随着人们涌入礼堂,我就在那儿,在一个小舞台上在大厅的一侧。我很紧张,但不知何故,张力给了我勇气。我开始做我的技巧,其中包括我最近掌握:在背后杂耍。然后我耍弄的俱乐部,最后一个保龄球和两个小球。孩子们拥挤在舞台上,笑了。人们鼓掌。
14我突然感到一种喜悦我以前从未经历过。我是为观众表演,他们爱它!
15我一直在家练习。我开始在雪茄盒、刀和火把。当一个叔叔给了我他的独轮车,我学会骑它,同时兼顾。
16我开始想成为一名职业。我知道我要做的不仅仅是技巧,我不得不说话,开玩笑等等。这就是书说。所以我祈祷。当我在我的家人面前耍弄,我添加了一些笑话。我希望他们在我的家人会帮助我更舒适的在公共场合做同样的事情。
17我的机会很快就来了。我被要求兼顾火把在波利尼西亚的时装秀的主题。我光着脚,赤裸上身,穿着还不断短裤,黑色的条纹在我的脸上。当我正要继续,我递给公告的列表。请阅读这些当你完成你的行动,”仪式的女主人说。太迟了回来。
18我紧张!我把torches-three次!但不希望观众知道我是多么的紧张,我试图使我的错误看起来像行动的一部分。我火把疯狂地跳舞,丛林的声音,直到我可以把它们捡起来并恢复我的杂耍。鼓掌的人。他们喜欢我的行动。不知怎的我通过阅读公告。
19岁以下月我接到一个电话从当地的一所小学的校长。一个老演员曾要求病假。我可以填写吗?和包括一个消息吗?“当然,”我说。
20三周后我正站在几百急切的孩子。用我的实践为例,我开始我的信息。当我开始处理,我让球下降。我拾起来,开始,又掉了一次。
21“这就是就像当你开始,”我说。但是,随着项目的进展,我开始做更多的技巧,杂耍而骑独轮车虽然躺在我的背上,让备份我的脚没有放弃一个球。
22个四十五分钟后的表现,我做了我的最后一点建议是孩子们:“如果你想成功,在欺骗或其他东西,你必须继续努力。你能做到。永不放弃。”

❸ 新编大学英语4课文翻译-"those college finals"

1那天晚上，我在市中心附近闲坐。风在呼啸，气温很低，这气氛让人感到压抑。我知道，所有这一切让我想起了什么，很快我就明白是什么了：期末考试。
2大学生活最痛苦的时刻莫过于冬天期末考试那一周。这种恐惧刻骨铭心，一生都忘不了——是一种绝望、沮丧，是意识到自己不得不勉强应答一大堆并未掌握的知识，而且一个人的前途如何，就取决于这种勉强的应答。
3我查了一下日历。果然，西北大学现在正好是学期快结束的时候——沿着我面前这条路走过去就是西北大学。我知道，就在此刻，就在那里，成千上万的大学生正埋头于课本和笔记，使出浑身解数去背那些晦涩难解的事实和数字，其实这些东西跟他们毫无关系。我按捺不住，径直朝校园走去。在我停下来的第一栋楼里，有一问教室灯火通明。我走了进去。两个年轻人将资料摊得满屋子都是。这会儿没课，只有他们俩。“嘿，伙计，”我说。他们抬起头，满眼的痛苦。他们看上去好像三四天没睡觉似的。
4“怎么了，年轻人?”我问。
5“请别打扰我们，”其中一个轻声道。
6“别打扰你们?”我问。
7“期末考试了，”另一人喘着粗气说。
8我走出教室，开始在校园里悠闲地溜达。男生女生个个神情沮丧，摇摇晃晃地朝图书馆走去。他们有的自言自语，有的抬头默默祈祷，有的走进树林，站稳身子，然后继续往前走。我感觉好极了。我曾经是他们中的一员，但现在我不是了。也许，在这世上，期末考试时，置身大学校园而知道你不必参加考试，可能是世界上最令人兴奋的事了。
9那晚大部分时问，我从一栋教学楼逛到另一栋教学楼，看着学生们为第二天的考试做准备。这一切是那么熟悉。他们围坐在长桌周围，前面摊开用螺旋线穿起来的笔记簿，连珠炮似地互相发问。一次次良久的沉默，接着是试探性地回答。咒骂声不绝于耳，时不时夹杂着哀叹。他们跺脚，凝视窗外，仿佛随时会哭出来。他们偶尔也朝我瞥一眼。在平时，他们可能会对我的出现感到好奇，但是，那天晚上，他们的目光呆滞无神，思维也不清晰了。我翻阅着体育版的消息，朝他们眨眨眼。
10如果我当时善心大发，我就会告诉他们现实世界中一个最大的秘密。这是我们所有上过大学的人走出校园后才领悟到的秘密，如果让大学生领悟了这个秘密，他们就会轻松、平静。这就是：现实生活中没有期末考试。
11确实如此。在现实生活中，你不必了解任何事情。没有任何情况需要你坐在拥挤不堪的教室里，为集中注意力而眯起眼睛，或者一字不漏地背出晦涩、荒唐的具体事实。在现实生活中，你可以把书带上。同学们，请相信：现实生活是开卷考，如果你忘了什么，你可以去查阅，或者请教比你聪明的人。很容易，比在大学里容易多了。
12只有在大学里，你才会遇上像期末考试那样稀奇古怪、令人恐惧的事情。大学管理者们欺骗学生们，让他们相信与庞大的残酷无情的世界里每天所发生的事情相比，期末考试不过是温和的前驱。但这并不是事实。如果现实世界确如期末考试那样荒诞可笑、令人厌烦，你就会看到街上的每位行人都如同在考试那周里的学生一样焦躁不安、可怜之极。现实并非如此，熬过了大学的期末考试后，一切如履平地。现实生活如同靠惯性滑行。没有人会要求你说出伊丽莎白时期作品的异同，或者强令你描述布尔战争各大战役的来龙去脉。如果在你工作时真有人过来问你这类问题，那么他就会马上被关进某所精神病院。
13我本来可以将这些告诉学生们，我本来可以安慰他们，让事情变得简单些。我本来可以请他们和我一起喝杯啤酒，忘了这期末考试周。我本来可以告诉他们：看看(《财富》前500强企业的总经理。你想会有人胆敢问他们的期末考试成绩吗?我本来可以灌输给他们这类令人宽慰的想法。
14但是我没有。我为什么要告诉他们呢?我经历了许多次期末考试，期末考试让我几乎发疯，现在该轮到他们发疯了。我看着绝望中的他们，像一个真正心满意足的人那样笑了。我在校园里几乎呆到午夜，然后才悠闲地离开。在几栋教学楼之间的小径上，我看见有什么东西被风吹动，在人行道上翻滚，我跪下将它拾了起来。这是一本蓝皮答题册，是期末考试周恐怖的、令人心惊胆战的标志。这一定是某个可怜的学生带出考场后，丢在地上的。我把它插入口袋，机械地笑了笑。校园教学楼里的灯光依然闪烁着，而且会整夜这样，但是我得回家了。
（采纳呗，你给的分也太低了吧，哈哈）

❹ 新编大学英语综合教程4课文翻译及答案应惠兰

你好，很高兴为你解答
请发图
希望能帮到你
求采纳
谢谢

❺ 求新编大学英语4 unit4中的close（即第163页）答案

P a r t T h r e e
FURTHER DEVELOPMENT
Enriching Your word Power
1)C 2)B 3)B 4)A 5)C 6)A 7)A 8)C 9)B 10)A 11)B 12) B
What Do They Stand for?
IQ tests usually measure one’s verbal and mathematical skills．This activity is to measure one’S associative flexibility．The test will give some idea of one’S mental plasticity and，therefore， creativity．
1)26=L of the A (1etters of the alphabet)
2)7=W of the A W (wonders of the ancient world)
3)1001=A N (Arabian nights)
4)12=S ofthe Z (signs ofthe Zodiac)
5)54=C in the D【with the J】 (cards in the deck with the jokers)
6)9=P in the S S (planets in the solar system)
7)88=P K (piano keys)
8)24=H in a D (hours in a day)
9)1l=P on a F T (players on a football team)
10)29=DinFin a L Y (daysinFebruaryin aleap year)
Cloze
1)mean 2)include 3)break 4)invent 5)strike 6)limited 7)able
8)not 9)average 10)reason 1 1)that 12)examining 13)Another 14)play
15)regard 16)sound 17)because 18)disapproved 19)satisfaction 20)but

❻ 求新编大学英语第四册第七单元课文翻译。。急。。谢谢

如果您认为我的回答对您有所帮助，就用实际行动来激励我为更多人更好地服务吧！以下是你需要的翻译：

Unit 7
PASSAGE I
永远不会听到的毕业典礼演说
1 我们这些教师对于在你们身上取得的教育成就一点都不感到自豪。我们培养你们去适
应的是一个根本不存在的世界——事实上也是不可能存在的。在这里度过的四年时间里，
你们一直以为失败是不会留下任何记录的。要是学得不好，一个最省事的办法就是中途退
出(不修这门课)，在布朗大学你们学会了这一点。但是，从现在开始，在你们要涉足的世
界里，失败是要给你留下疤痕的。知难而退也会使你变成另一个人。走出布朗，知难而退
的人绝不是英雄。
2 你们可以跟我们争辩，说服我们为什么你们的错误不是错误，为什么平庸的作业是优
秀的，为什么你们会对普普通通并不出色的课堂报告感到骄傲。回想一下，毕竟你们中的
大多数人在你们所学的大部分课程中都得了高分。因此，在这里分数并不能作为区分优秀
学生与学业平平的学生的依据。但是，今后，在你们所要去的世界里，你们最好不要为自
己的错误辩护，而应该从中吸取教训。假如你们要求得到你们不该得到的表扬，诋毁那些
不给你们表扬的人，这是不明智的做法。
3 多年来，我们创造了一个完全宽容的世界。这里所要求于你们的仅仅是一点微不足道
的努力。当你们没有按约定的时间赴约时，我们就再约时间。当你们没有按期交作业时，
我们装作不在乎。
4 更糟糕的是，当你们的言谈枯燥无味时，我们却装作你们说的是重要的事情；当你们
喋喋不休、不知所云时，我们认真倾听，似乎你们说的东西事关重大；当你们把根本没有
花心思写的作业扔到我们桌上时，我们不仅拜读，甚至批改给评语，好像值得为你们这样
做似的。当你们犯傻时，我们装作你们聪明过人；当你们老生常谈、毫无想象力、平平淡
淡时，我们却装作像在听什么美妙绝伦的新鲜事情一样；当你们要不劳而获时，我们拱手

奉上。所有这一切究竟是为了什么?
5 对这一切尽管你们可以想入非非，但我们决不是因为想要讨你们的欢心，而是因为我
们不想让你们来Ⅱ罗唆。一个简单的办法就是作假：微笑，让你们轻轻松松都得B。
6 在这一类的演说中人们往往习惯于引用，在此让我来引用一个你们从来没有听说过的
人的话，这个人是拉特格斯大学的卡特•A．丹尼尔教授。他说：
“大学毁了你们，让你们阅读那些不值得一读的论文，听那些不值得一听的评
论，甚至要去尊重那些无所事事、孤陋寡闻、极不文明的人。为了教育，我们过
去不得不这样做，但是今后不会有人再这样做了。在过去的50年中，大学使你们
丧失了得到充分培养的机会。由于大学成了一个轻松、自由、包容、体贴、舒
适、充满乐趣、好玩的地方，它没有对你们尽到责任。但愿你们今后好运。”
7 这就是为什么，在今天进行毕业典礼之际，我们没有任何可引以自豪的东西。
8 哦，对了，还有一点。尽量不要像对待我们那样去对待你们的同事和老板。我的意思
是，当他们把你们想要但不是你们应得的东西给了你们时，要善待他们，不要侮辱他们，
不要在他们身上重演你们与父母之间的那种糟糕的关系。这一切，我们也都忍受了。正如
我刚才所说的，这不是为了讨你们的欢心。有一些年轻人只能在同龄人的眼中找到自我，
是一些愚昧无知的人，竟然肤浅到以为教授们关心的不是教育，而是自己的人缘。实际
上，很少有教授在乎这类年轻人是否喜欢他们。我们容忍这一切，只是为了摆脱你们。摒
弃我们在教学中给你们造成的这些假象，投身到真实的生活中去吧。

PASSAGE II
大学：一个宽恕一切的世界吗?
l 在“永远不会听到的毕业典礼演说”中，雅各布•诺伊斯纳认为，大学经历使得我们
认为：“失败不会留下任何记录”(第一段)，而成绩是很容易取得的。在诺伊斯纳看来，
大学并不是一所很好的着眼于将来生活的预备学校，因为它为一个“根本就不存在的世
界”而培养我们(第一段)。
2 毫无疑问，诺伊斯纳在发表这么强烈的论点之前，该对大学生活的实际情况做更进一
步的审视。他完全无视学生们为了学业成功而经受的一切压力与艰辛。大学生活根本就不
是他所描绘的那样。
3 大学难道真的像诺伊斯纳所说的那样，没有让我们为现实生活作准备吗?我们所经历
的一切难道无助于我们了解现实世界吗?这些问题都是在思考诺伊斯纳所说的话时涌现到
我的脑海中的。我认为他完全错了。对我们许多人来说，大学时代正是我们开始独立，自
己做重要决定，并对这些决定负责的时代。在大学里，我们必须学会计划时间(还包括计
划用钱!)，学会容忍(否则，住在一个拥挤的三人间里，我们会无法过下去的)。我们与
来自世界各地的人相识，开阔了我们的视野，使我们彼此加深了解。如果这些对现实世界
是没用的，那我可不知道什么才是有用的。 •
4 诺伊斯纳认为，在大学里我们所接受的教育使我们认为“失败不会留下任何记录”，因
为据称我们犯了错误可以轻而易举地不受惩罚。我要告诉他的是：要是你考试不及格，你
就不能再考，或者即使老师明知你一辈子都会恨他，他也不会抹去你的成绩。要是你中途
放弃了某一门课，下学期你就得多修课。要是你有几门课的成绩很低，就几乎不可能进入
一个好的研究生院。要是你好几门课的平均积分点不够高，那你就得不到学位。期中考
试、期末考试来临时，没有人能够逃避。当学习紧张时，本来刻苦学习的人也得更加努力
学习，因为大学并不像诺伊斯纳所认为的那样，会给失误提供“省事的”解决办法(第一
段)。大学不是一个“宽恕一切的世界”，当“最后期限”已过，或者没有按要求的时间完
成作业时，老师们也绝不会“装作不在乎”(第三段)。
5 对于我来说，生活在一个拥挤的三人间里，期末考试前只有一天时间看书，繁重的阅
读任务，论文，还有集中在一个星期里进行的期中考试，这些可不是我心目中的“轻松、
自由、包容、体贴、舒适、充满乐趣、好玩”(第六段)。

❼ 高分求外研社新编大学英语4,12345678单元课后after-class reading的2篇课文的翻译

A Long March to Creativity (II)

1 I soon realized that this incident was directly relevant to our assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways of early childhood ecation (especially in the arts) and, more broadly, to illuminate Chinese attitudes toward creativity. And so before long I began to include this "key-slot" anecdote into my talks to Chinese ecators. I would tell audiences about what had happened and seek their reactions. Some of my Chinese colleagues displayed the same attitude as the attendants at the Jinling Hotel. Since alts know how to place the key in the key slot (they would say), since that is the ultimate purpose of approaching the slot, and since the toddler is neither old nor clever enough to realize the desired action on his own, what possible gain is achieved by having the child flail about? He may well get frustrated and angry certainly not a desirable outcome. Why not show him what to do? He will be happy (those around will be happier), he will learn how to accomplish the task sooner, and then he can proceed to more complex activities, like opening the door or asking for the key.

2 We listened to such explanations sympathetically. We agreed that sometimes it is important to show a child what to do, and that we certainly did not want to frustrate Benjamin. But, as I have said, he was rarely frustrated by his fledgling attempts: "delighted" would be a more appropriate word to describe him. We went on to suggest that many Americans held quite different views about such matters.

3 First of all, we did not much care whether Benjamin succeeded in inserting the key into the slot. He was having a good time and exploring, two activities that did matter to us. But the critical point was that in the process, we were trying to teach Benjamin something: that one can solve a problem effectively by oneself. Such self-reliance is a principal value of child rearing in middle-class America. So long as the child is shown exactly how to do something whether it be placing a key in a key slot, drawing a rooster, or apologizing for a misdeed he is less likely to figure out himself how to accomplish such a task. And, more generally, he is less likely to view life as many Americans do as a series of situations in which one has to learn to think by oneself, to solve problems on one's own, and even to discover new problems for which creative solutions are wanted.

4 In retrospect, it became clear to me that this incident was indeed key and key in more than one sense. It indicated important differences in the ecational and artistic practices in our two countries. Even more to the point, this apparently little episode revealed important issues about ecation, creativity, and art that have interested thinkers around the world.

5 Dating back to the time of the Greeks, as Philip Jackson has pointed out, one can discern two contrasting approaches to ecational issues. One dominant approach is the "mimetic" one, in which the teacher (and "the text") are seen as the unquestioned sources of knowledge. Students are expected to memorize information and then, on subsequent occasions, feed back the information that has been presented to or modeled for them. Opposed to this tradition is a "transformative" approach, in which the teacher is more of a coach, attempting to elicit certain qualities in her students. The teacher engages the student actively in the learning process, asking questions and directing attention to new phenomena, in the hope that the student's understanding will be enhanced. One might say that in the "mimetic" tradition, the cultivation of basic skills is primary; whereas in the "transformative" approach, the stimulation of the child's expressive, creative, and knowing powers is most prized.