大学英语时间状语引导词

A. 时间状语从句引导词分为几类

引导时间状语从句的五类引导词

引导时间状语从句的从属连词(以下称引导词)很多，为方便记忆，现作以下分类：
1. 基本类
包括before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, once, as soon as 等。如：
Did anyone call when I was out? 我不在家时谁来过电话吗?
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。
You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
Make sure that all the lights are off before you go to bed. 睡觉前一定要关灯。
Don’t promise him anything till we’ve had time to think about it. 在我们有时间考虑之前别答应他什么。

2. 名词类
即由名词词组充当引导词，包括the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 等(均表示“一……就……”。如
I loved you the instant (that) I saw you. 我一见到你就爱上你了。
Tell me the moment (that) you get the results. 你一拿到结果就给我打电话。

3. 副词类
即由副词充当引导词，如 immediately, directly, instantly等。如：
I came immediately you called. 你一打电话我就来了。
Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke. 我一进门就闻到烟味。

4. 短语类
主是几个涉及time短语，如every time，each time，(the) next time，any time，the last time，the first time 等。如：
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。
My roof leaks every time it rains. 每次下雨，我的房顶就漏。
He felt nervous each time she spoke to him. 每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。
The last time we talked he said he needed another two days. 上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。

5. 句型类
包括no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如：
I had no sooner closed the door than somebody knocked. 我刚把门关上就有人敲门。
Hardly were the words uttered when he began to regret them. 话刚说出口他就开始后悔了。

祝你学习进步，更上一层楼！请记得采纳，谢谢！(*^__^*)

B. 时间状语从句的引导词

when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时
例如：We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。

While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比
例如：While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件只能是as ；as也可以强调“一先一后
例如：We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）
As we were going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）

as soon as“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句时，表示主句动作紧接着从句动作发生。
例如：I’ll call you as soon as I get home.我一到家就给你打电话。

C. English 引导时间状语从句的引导词都有哪些

English 引导时间状语从句的引导词都有:
当......的时候：when；while；as
在.....之前：before
在......之后：after
一旦：once
whenever（无论何时）
since（自从）
直到：till；until
一......就...：as soon as；the moment；the minute；the second；the instant ；immediately；directly；instantly
每次......的时候：every time；each time,；any time；
最后一次的时候：the last time
第一次的时候：the first time

D. 引导时间状语从句的引导词有哪些

while，when, as, as soon as, until, not...until, before, after, since,whenever, etc

E. 用时间状语从句的引导词写出例句

When I was having lunch,someone knocked at my door While my mother was cooking,I was watching TV As I was reading,the telephone rang I didn't wake up until the bed struck the ground. As soon as(the moment)I turn on the computer,you will get a big surprise.

F. 时间状语从句引导词

时间状语从句引导词有：
当......的时候：when；while；as
在.....之前：before
在......之后：after
一旦：once

G. 时间状语从句引导词用法

引导时间状语从句的五类引导词
引导时间状语从句的从属连词(以下称引导词)很多，为方便记忆，现作以下分类：
1. 基本类
包括before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, once, as soon as 等。如：
Did anyone call when I was out? 我不在家时谁来过电话吗?
We have known each other since we were children. 我们从小认识。
You’ll feel better after you take the pills. 吃完药丸后你会感到好一些。
Make sure that all the lights are off before you go to bed. 睡觉前一定要关灯。
Don’t promise him anything till we’ve had time to think about it. 在我们有时间考虑之前别答应他什么。
2. 名词类
即由名词词组充当引导词，包括the moment, the minute, the second, the instant 等(均表示“一……就……”。如
I loved you the instant (that) I saw you. 我一见到你就爱上你了。
Tell me the moment (that) you get the results. 你一拿到结果就给我打电话。
3. 副词类
即由副词充当引导词，如 immediately, directly, instantly等。如：
I came immediately you called. 你一打电话我就来了。
Directly I walked in the door I smelt smoke. 我一进门就闻到烟味。
4. 短语类
主是几个涉及time短语，如every time，each time，(the) next time，any time，the last time，the first time 等。如：
Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来，请关门。
My roof leaks every time it rains. 每次下雨，我的房顶就漏。
He felt nervous each time she spoke to him. 每次她和他讲话，他都感到紧张。
The last time we talked he said he needed another two days. 上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。
5. 句型类
包括no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如：
I had no sooner closed the door than somebody knocked. 我刚把门关上就有人敲门。
Hardly were the words uttered when he began to regret them. 话刚说出口他就开始后悔了。

H. 怎么判断时间状语从句引导词。。

引导时间状语从句的五类引导词
引导时间状语从句的从属连词(以下称引导词)很多,为方便记忆,现作以下分类：
1.基本类
包括before,after,when,while,as,since,till,until,once,as
soon
as
等.如：
Did
anyone
call
when
I
was
out?我不在家时谁来过电话吗?
We
have
known
each
other
since
we
were
children.我们从小认识.
You’ll
feel
better
after
you
take
the
pills.吃完药丸后你会感到好一些.
Make
sure
that
all
the
lights
are
off
before
you
go
to
bed.睡觉前一定要关灯.
Don’t
promise
him
anything
till
we’ve
had
time
to
think
about
it.在我们有时间考虑之前别答应他什么.
2.名词类
即由名词词组充当引导词,包括the
moment,the
minute,the
second,the
instant
等(均表示“一……就……”.如
I
loved
you
the
instant
(that)
I
saw
you.我一见到你就爱上你了.
Tell
me
the
moment
(that)
you
get
the
results.你一拿到结果就给我打电话.
3.副词类
即由副词充当引导词,如
immediately,directly,instantly等.如：
I
came
immediately
you
called.你一打电话我就来了.
Directly
I
walked
in
the
door
I
smelt
smoke.我一进门就闻到烟味.
4.短语类
主是几个涉及time短语,如every
time,each
time,(the)
next
time,any
time,the
last
time,the
first
time
等.如：
Next
time
you
come
in,please
close
the
door.下次你进来,请关门.
My
roof
leaks
every
time
it
rains.每次下雨,我的房顶就漏.
He
felt
nervous
each
time
she
spoke
to
him.每次她和他讲话,他都感到紧张.
The
last
time
we
talked
he
said
he
needed
another
two
days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天.
5.句型类
包括no
sooner…than,hardly…when
等.如：
I
had
no
sooner
closed
the
door
than
somebody
knocked.我刚把门关上就有人敲门.
Hardly
were
the
words
uttered
when
he
began
to
regret
them.话刚说出口他就开始后悔了.

I. 时间状语从句的引导词都有什么啊

状语
状语是修饰语,一般不作句子成分.一般修饰动词,可以是词语也可以是句子.状语是用来修饰谓语的.比如时间状语,地点状语,条件状语之类的.状语：用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。通常表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。
19.1 地点状语从句

地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。

Where I live there are plenty of trees.
我住的地方树很多。
Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.
不管我在哪里我都会想到你。
19.2 方式状语从句

方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。

1） as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：
Always do to the others as you would be done by.
你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。

As water is to fish, so air is to man.
我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。

Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.
正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。

2） as if, as though
两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如：

They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed.
他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting.
他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）

It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.
看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）

说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：

He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.
他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。

He cleared his throat as if to say something.
他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。

The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.
波涛冲击着岩石，好像很愤怒。

19.3 原因状语从句

比较：because, since, as和for

1） because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或 since。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.

2） 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗 号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。
He is absent today, becaus e / for he is ill.
He must be ill, for he is absent today.

19.4 目的状语从句

表示目的状语的从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导，例如：
You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all.
He wrote the name down for fear that(lest) he should forget it.
Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.

19.5 结果状语从句

结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。

比较：so和 such
其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。

so foolish such a fool
so nice a flower such a nice flower
so many / few flowers such nice flowers
so much / little money. such rapid progress
so many people such a lot of people
（ so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。）

so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.
He is such a young boy that he can't go to school

19.6 条件状语从句

连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that 等。.
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。

unless = if not.
Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired.
If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk.

典型例题
You will be late ___ you leave immediately.
A. unless B. until C. if D. or
答案A。 句意：除非你立即走，否则你就回迟到的。可转化为 If you dong leave immediately, you will be late. B、D句意不对，or表转折，句子如为 You leave immediately or you will be late.

19.7 让步状语从句

though, although
注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.
虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
He is very old, but he still works very hard.
虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。
Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain.
伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语）

典型例题
1） ___she is young, she knows quite a lot.
A. When B. However C. Although D. Unless
答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。

2) as, though 引导的倒装句
as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。
Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.

注意： a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
b. 句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。
Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.
= Though he tries hard, he never seems…
虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。

3) ever if, even though. 即使
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.

4) whether…or- 不管……都
Whether you believe it or not, it is true.

5) "no matter +疑问词" 或"疑问词+后缀ever"
No matter what happened, he would not mind.
Whatever happened, he would not mind.
替换：no matter what = whatever
no matter who = whoever
no matter when = whenever
no matter where = wherever
no matter which = whichever
no matter how = however
注意：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。
（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.
（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.
你现在说什么也没用了。(Whatever you say是主语从句)
（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they're given,
（对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。
19.8 比较while, when, as

1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。
When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
3）从句表示"随时间推移"连词能用as，不用when 或while。
As the day went on, the weather got worse.
日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
19.9 比较until和till

此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可 以。 正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。

肯定句：
I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
（在肯定句中可用before代替 Let's get in the wheat before the sun sets.）

否定句：
She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock.
她直到6点才到。
Don't get off the bus until it has stopped.
公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。

1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。
2)Until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。
---Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候？
--- Until next Monday. 呆到下周一。

注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
(1）Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。
Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。
Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.
直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。
(2) It is not until… that…
19.10 表示"一…就…"的结构

hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than 和as soon as都可以表示"一…就…"的意思，例：

I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.

注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：
Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

情态动词
情态动词 (Model Verbs) 又称为情态助动词 (Model Auxil-iaries)。英语中助动词主要有两类：一是基本助动词，如have, do, be；二是情态助动词，如may, must, need等。情态动词与其他动词连用表示说话人的语气。情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。在大学英语四、六级考试中，情态动词部分重点测试以下内容：

（1）情态动词+行为动词完成式

（2）情态动词+行为动词进行式

（3）情态动词+行为动词完成进行式

（4）某些情态动词的特殊用法

一、情态动词+行为动词完成式

情态动词+行为动词完成式即“情态动词+ have + v-ed分词”，表示对过去行为或动作进行推测、评论或判断。

1. must have v-ed

must have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“一定”发生了。其否定形式为：can’t / couldn’t have v-ed, 表示过去不可能发生某事。例如：

1）Since the ditch is full of water, it must have rained last night.

2）You couldn’t have met my grandmother. She died before you were born.

2. could have v-ed

could have v-ed 表示推测过去某动作“很可能”发生了。例如：

1）“The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?”

2）“Tom could have taken it. He was alone yesterday.”

3.may / might have v-ed

may / might have v-ed 表示推测过去某事“也许”发生了.may 比 might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。例如：

I can’t find my keys. I may / might have left them at the school yesterday.

4. ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed

ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示“本应该…”和“本不应该…”。例如：

1）With all the work finished, I should have gone to the party last night.

2）You ought not to make fun of him. He is not the one you laugh at but learn from.

5. needn’t have v-ed

needn’t have v-ed 表示过去做了某事，但没有做的必要， 意为“本没必要…”。例如：

You needn’t have waken me up; I don’t have to go to work today.

注：表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时，就表示的可能性程度而言，must最大，could其次，may更次之，might最小。例如：

“I wonder how Tom knew about your past.”

“He must / could / may / might have heard of it from Mary.”

二、情态动词+行为动词进行式

情态动词+行为动词进行式（即情态动词+ be + v-ing形式），表示推测或评论某动作现在是否正在进行。例如：

1）He must be playing basketball in the room.

2）She may be staying at home.

三、情态动词+行为动词完成进行式

情态动词+行为动词完成进行式（即情态动词+ have been + v-ing 形式），表示推测或评论过去某动作是否正在进行或一直在进行。例如：

1）They should have been meeting to discuss the problem.

2）He may / might have been buying stamps in the post office when you saw him.

四、某些情态动词的特殊用法

1. need

考试中主要测试 need 作情态动词与作实义动词的区别，对此，可参见表1.need 作情态动词时，后面跟不带to 的动词不定式，即 “need to”。通常用在疑问句和否定句中，表示询问是否有“必要”，其否定形式为needn’t，表示“不必”；疑问形式为 Need … do? 极少用于肯定句。例如：

1）I don’t think we need turn the light on at that time.

2）Need you ride a bike to school?

情态动词need与实义动词need 在时态、肯定、否定结构上的对比见表1。

2. dare

考试中主要测试dare作情态动词和作实义动词的区别。

情态动词dare 与实义动词dare 在时态、肯定、否定、疑问结构上的对比见表2。

3. can 和 may

考试中主要测试can，may或could，might表示可能性的区别及对may构成的疑问句的回答。

时态 情态动词need 实义动词 need

现 You need (not) do You (don’t) need to do

在

时 He need (not) do He needs (doesn’t need) to do

过 You needed (didn’t need) to do

去

时 He needed (didn’t need) to do

将 You need (not) do You will (not) need to do

来

时 He need (not) do He will (not) need to do

句型 时态 动词

情态动词dare 实义动词 dare

肯定句 现在时 dare to 少用 dare/dares to do

过去时 dare to 少用 dared to do

否定句 现在时 daren’t/dare not do do/does not dare (to) do

过去时 dared not do did not dare (to) do

疑问句 现在时 Dare he do? Do you/Does he dear (to) do?

过去时 Dared he do? Did he dare (to) do

（1）can, could, may, might都可以表示可能性.can, could表示潜在的可能性或理论上或逻辑判断上存在的可能性；而may, might则表示事实上的可能性。此外，can还具有“有能力”的意思，而may与might则不具此意。例如：

1）According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.

2) Any man with a little sense can see that he is wrong.

（2）May I / we …？这一类疑问句的肯定回答为Yes, please.或Certainly；否定回答为Please don’t.或No, you mustn’t. 例如：

“May we leave now?” “No, you mustn’t. You haven’t finished your home work yet.”

4. can 和 be able to

can 与 be able to 都可以表示能力，但两者在用法上有点差异：can (could)表示主观能力，不表示意愿，它的将来时用will be able to; be able to表示主观意愿，强调要克服困难去做某事。例如：

1）My grandma is over seventy, but she can still read without glasses.

2）He is able to give up his bad habits.

5. must 和 have to

must 和 have to 都可以表示“必须”，但有几点区别：

（1）must 强调“内在的职责”、“义务”，而have to 强调“外界压力”、“不得已而为之”。

（2）have to可用于多种时态，而must一般用于现在时，其过去时与将来时分别由had to与shall / will have to代替。

（3）在回答must引起的问题时，如果是否定的答复，不能用mustn’t，而要用needn’t或don’t have to，因为mustn’t是“一定不要”、“一定不能”的意思。例如：

1）You must come to the classroom before eight.

2）It is raining hard outside, but I have to leave now.

3）“Must we do it now?” “No, you needn’t.”

6. used to +v, be used to +v-ing和be used to +v

（1）used to +v意为“过去常常”，“过去一直”；be used to +v-ing / n（名词）意为“习惯于”；be used to +v意为“被用来（做某事）”。

（2）used to只表示过去，而be used to +v-ing / n可表示现在、过去或将来。例如：

1）He used to smoke. Now he doesn’t.

2）He’s quite used to hard work / working hard.

3）The knife is used to cut bread.

7．用作情态动词的其他短语

would rather, would sooner, would (just) as soon, had rather, had better, had sooner, can not but, may (just) as well等可用作情态动词。例如：

1）The soldier would sooner die than surrender.

2）The brave soldier would as soon die as yield to such an enemy.

3）I’d rather walk than take a bus.

4）If you don’t like to swim, you may just as well stay at home.

注：这些短语后一般直接跟动词原形.would (had) rather, would (had) sooner, would (just) as soon后可跟that 引导的从句，that 常省去，从句要用虚拟语气。对现在和将来的假设用过去时，对过去的假设用过去完成时。例如：

1）I would rather you came on Sunday.

2）I would sooner you hadn’t asked me to speak yesterday.

J. 英语中，引导时间状语从句的连接词有哪些

所谓的时间状语从句是指：用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。1.由when,while,as引导的时间状语从句。例如：Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。例如：Afteryouthink